Abstract：In order to evaluate the impacts on energy, environment and resources arose from the lithium titanate batteries used on electric vehicles, firstly a life cycle assessment model for the Li-ion batteries were established, which included the re-purposing and second-use stages. Then a lithium titanate battery pack made by a domestic enterprise, which was used on an all-electric city bus, was chosen as the study case. And its life cycle CED (cumulative energy demand), GWP (global warming potential) and ADP(e) (abiotic depletion potential for elements), as the three major indicators of impacts, were calculated. The results showed that the CED, GWP and ADP(e) for every kilo-watt hour capacity of the battery pack in its life cycle were 2.8×104MJ, 1.86×103kg CO2eq. and 4.77×10-3kg Sbeq. respectively. It was found that the energy loss due to the battery efficiency in both use stages had played the key role in battery's life cycle GWP, while GWP of the producing stage mostly came from the embedded greenhouse gas emissions of raw materials such as the cathode and anode materials, aluminum parts and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. From the perspective of the energy stored and delivered in its life cycle, the LTO battery's GWP per every mega-Joule would decrease significantly with the second-life usage, and GWP of its producing stage is the lowest among all of the Li-ion batteries in the comparison with previous studies.
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