两种生态净化措施对水源水库光学环境的影响

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摘要

为了评估生态净化措施对水体光学环境的影响，以上海金泽水库为例，在微纳米曝气复氧和水生植物净化两种生态净化措施前后布设采样点进行了光学衰减系数（水体光合辐照度（PAR）衰减系数）、真光层深度和透明度及相关水质指标的监测和分析.结果表明：水生植物净化和曝气复氧净化措施有利于水体光学环境的改善，经微纳米曝气后，水体透明度增大20%~25%，真光层深度增大2.2%~14.8%，光学衰减系数降低0.4%~4.4%；经水生植物净化后，水体透明度增大20%~29.4%，真光层深度增大6%~20%，光学衰减系数降低17.3%~20.5%.逐步回归结果表明不同生态净化措施的光学环境改善机制不同，微纳米曝气主要通过叶绿素、溶解性有机物、温度、溶解氧影响水体光学环境，水生植物净化主要通过浊度影响水体光学环境.冬季，两种生态净化措施对总氮和溶解性有机物均没有改善效果.

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关键词 ：微纳米曝气, 水生植物净化, 生态净化, 光学衰减系数, 水体光学环境

Abstract：

Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) attenuation coefficient, euphotic depth, transparency and related water quality indices were measured in Jinze Reservoir in Shanghai to evaluate the influence of two ecological purification measures, i.e., aquatic plant purification and micro nano aeration, on water optical environment. Results showed that the two ecological purification measures could significantly improve the water optical environment. After aeration, transparency was increased by 20%~25% and euphotic depth by 2.2%~14.8%; PAR attenuation coefficient was decreased by 0.4%~4.4%. After aquatic plant purification, transparency was increased by 20%~29.4% and euphotic depth by 6%~20%; PAR attenuation coefficient was reduced by 17.3%~20.5%. The panel regressions results indicated that the influence mechanism of these two ecological purification measures were different. The water optical environment was improved by the micro nano aeration through control of chlorophyll, dissolved organic matter, temperature and dissolved oxygen, while it was improved by aquatic plants through turbidity control. On the other hand, the two ecological purification measures had no influence on the removal of total nitrogen and dissolved organic matter in winter.

Key words： micro nano aeration aquatic plant purification ecological purification photosynthetic attenuation coefficient aquatic water environment

收稿日期: 2018-07-14

PACS:

X524

基金资助:

国家“十三五”水专项子课题（2017ZX07207003-02）

通讯作者: 张海平,教授,hpzhang@tongji.edu.cn E-mail: hpzhang@tongji.edu.cn

作者简介: 余柔柔(1992-),女,江西上饶人,同济大学硕士研究生,主要从事水环境治理和富营养化模拟.

引用本文:

余柔柔, 钱佳欢, 朱宜平, 张海平. 两种生态净化措施对水源水库光学环境的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(2): 785-791. YU Rou-rou, QIAN Jia-huan, ZHU Yi-ping, ZHANG Hai-ping. Influence of two ecological purification measures on water optical environment in a source water reservoir. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(2): 785-791.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I2/785

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