Abstract：Based on the sub-watershed unit, landscape pattern and soil conservation service was quantitatively characterized via landscape pattern index and InVEST model, and the relationship between the two issues was also discussed from the perspectives of spatial statistics. The results showed that the sub-watersheds with higher soil conservation services in 2014 had the characteristics of single landscape types composition, non-uniform distribution among different landscape types, existence of dominant patches, and low landscape separation degree. In 2014, the significant spatial correlations between soil conservation services and landscape pattern was mainly in 14 sub-watersheds,which accounted for 37.84% of the total number of sub-watersheds. In the model selection, spatial lag model (SLM) was superior to the non-spatial linear model (OLS), which indicated that soil conservation was spatially dependent. Diversity and evenness of landscape types were considered as important indicators affecting soil conservation in the Bailongjiang watershed in Gansu Province.
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