Aluminum-carbon micro electrolysis was adopted to study the removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) in heavy metal wastewater by taking aluminum scraps and activated carbon particles as the experimental materials. The influences of settling time, the mass ratio of aluminum and carbon(Al/C mass ratio), initial pH, oscillation speed and oscillation time on Cr(Ⅵ) removal efficiency were investigated. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Specific Surface Area Analyzer(BET), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer(EDS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the variations in surface physical morphology and composition of aluminum scraps-activated carbon particles before and after the operations, and to study the mechanism of aluminum-carbon micro electrolysis The results showed that the influences factors on Cr(Ⅵ) removal efficiency could be listed from the highest to the lowest as follows:initial pH, the mass ratio of aluminum and carbon, oscillation speed and oscillation time. The removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) reached the highest value of 95.40% under the optimum conditions when the Al/C mass ratio was 2:1, initial pH was 5, oscillation speed was 150r/min, and oscillation time was 40min. It was proved that the removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) could be greatly improved by using aluminium-carbon micro electrolysis instead of direct reduction of pure aluminium or iron-carbon micro electrolysis. The main removal mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) was the reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr (III) by carbon cathode during the micro electrolysis process.
刘鹏宇, 王晓琴, 常青, 刘晓波, 王刚. 铝炭微电解去除废水中六价铬的可行性研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(10): 4164-4172.
LIU Peng-yu, WANG Xiao-qin, CHANG Qing, LIU Xiao-bo, WANG Gang. Feasibility study on the removal of chromium(Ⅵ)containing from heavy metal wastewater by aluminum-carbon micro electrolysis. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(10): 4164-4172.
秦宝雨,唐海,李强,等.紫外活化甲酸产二氧化碳阴离子自由基还原Cr(Ⅵ)的研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(7):2505-2511. Qin B Y, Tang H, Li Q, et al. Reduction performance of Cr(Ⅵ) by carbon dioxide anion radical based on UV-activated formic acid[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(7):2505-2511.
[2]
Wang Q, Huang L P, Pan Y Z, et al.Impact of Fe(Ⅲ) as an effective electron-shuttle mediator for enhanced Cr(Ⅵ) reduction in microbial fuel cells:reduction of diffusional resistances and cathode overpotentials[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017,321:896-906.
[3]
Cavaco S A, Fernandes S, Quina M M, et al. Removal of chromium from electroplating industry effluents by ion exchangeresins[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007,144(3):634-638.
[4]
王彩云,刘恋,李创,等.MWCNTs改性凹凸棒土对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(6):2179-2186. Wang C Y, Liu L, Li C, et al. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) on the MWCNTs/attapulgite composites[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(6):2179-2186.
[5]
吴文炳,林雅彬,陈建华.表面活性剂改性4A分子筛对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附行为[J]. 环境工程学报, 2014,8(9):3620-3624. Wu W B, Lin Y B, Chen J H. Adsorption behaⅥor of surfactant-modified molecular sieve 4A for Cr(Ⅵ)[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2014,8(9):3620-3624.
[6]
Cui H J, Fu M L, Yu S, et al. Reduction and removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solutions using modified byproducts of beer production[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,186(2/3):1625-1631.
[7]
胡艺泓,黄廷林,孙远奎.硫酸根离子强化零价铁去除Cr(Ⅵ)的试验研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(4):1318-1323. Hu Y H, Huang T L, Sun Y K. Enhanced chromium removal by zerovalent iron with the presence of sulfate anion[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(4):1318-1323.
[8]
全向春,全燕苹,肖竹天.微生物燃料电池强化去除农药2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸及同步产电性能[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(3):1067-107. Quan X C, Quan Y P, Xiao Z T. Enhanced removal of Herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and simultaneous power generation in Microbial fuel cells[J]. Environmental Science, 2017,38(3):1067-107.
[9]
虞少嵚,熊道文,陈湘斌,等.周期换向电絮凝法用于处理含铬废水研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(1):118-122. Yu S Q, Xiong D W, Chen X B, et al. Treatment of wastewater containing chromium with periodic reversal electrocoagulation[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(1):118-122.
[10]
青志鹏,黄瑞敏,王章霞.微生物法处理电镀废水的进展[J]. 电镀与精饰, 2007,(3):21-24. Qing Z P, Huang R M, Wang Z X. Progress of electroplating wastewater treatment with microorganism method[J]. Plating and Finishing, 2007,(3):21-24.
[11]
Janda V, Vasek P, Bizova J, et al. Kinetic models for volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons removal by zero-valent iron[J]. Chemosphere, 2004,54(7):917-925.
[12]
Feitz A J, Joo S H, Guan J, et al. Oxidative transformation of contaminants using colloidal zero-valent iron[J]. Colloids and Sur-faces A:Physicochemistry Engineering Aspects, 2005,18(8):88-94.
[13]
吕雷,朱米家,魏彦林,等.铁炭微电解响应面优化预处理染料废水[J]. 环境工程学报, 2015,9(6):2911-2917. Lv L, Zhu M J, Wei Y L, et al. Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis pretreatment of dye wastewater using response surface methodology (RSM)[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2015, 9(6):2911-2917.
[14]
陈江安,周丹,邱廷省,等.氰化尾渣制备微电解填料及降解甲基橙研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(10):3808-3814. Chen J A, Zhou D, Qiu T S, et al. Synthesis of micro-electrolysis filter from cyanide tailings thorugh direct reduction process and its application for degradation of methyl orange[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(10):3808-3814.
[15]
Gillham R W, O'Hannesin S F. Enhanced degradation of halogenated aliphatics by zero-valent iron[J]. Ground Water, 1994,32(6):958-967.
[16]
Hashim M A, Mukhopadhyay S, Sahu J N, et al. Remediation technologies for heavy metal contaminated groundwater[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2011,92(10):2355-2388.
[17]
Patterson B M, DaⅥs G B, Mc Kinley A J. Laboratory column experiments using polymer mats to remove selected VOCs, PAHs, and pesticides from ground water[J]. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, 2002,22(2):99-106.
[18]
Scherer M M, Richter S, Valentine R L, et al. Chemistry and microbiology of permeable reactive barriers for in situ groundwater clean up[J]. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 2000,26(4):221-264.
[19]
Srinivasan R, Sorial G A. Treatment of perchlorate in drinking water:A critical reⅥew[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2009, 69(1):7-21.
[20]
Stroo H F, Unger M, Ward C H, et al. Peer reviewed:remediating chlorinated solvent source zones[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2003,37(11):224A-230A.
[21]
Yeung Albert T, Gu Ying-Ying. A review on techniques to enhance electrochemical remediation of contaminated soils[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,195:11-29.
[22]
王书文,代秀兰.微电解处理含铬、镍重金属废水研究[J]. 沈阳大学学报, 2005,(2):40-43. Wang S W, Dai X L. Degradation mechanism of Cr6+ and Ni2+ wastewater by microelectrolysis[J]. Journal of Shenyang University, 2005,(2):40-43.
[23]
张志军,陈整生,胡娟,等.铝炭微电解对含铜、镍电镀废水的处理实验研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2012,32(7):68-70. Zhang Z J, Chen Z S, Hu Juan, et al. Experimental study on the treatment of electroplating wastewater containing copper and nickel by aluminum-carbon micro-electrolysis method[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2012,32(7):68-70.
[24]
傅强根.铝炭微电解处理印染废水的研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学, 2013. Fu Q G. Research of treatment on printing and dyeing wastewater by aluminum-carbon microelectrolysis[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology, 2013.
[25]
杨晓明,董岁明,丛成铭,等.铝炭微电解处理印染废水的研究[J]. 应用化工, 2016,45(1):44-46. Yang X M, Dong S M, Cong C M, et al. Research of aluminum-carbon microelectrolysis treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater[J]. Applied Chemical Industry, 2016,45(1):44-46.
[26]
李阳阳,张润强,王亮,等.印染废水铝炭微电解连续处理工艺研究[J]. 广东化工, 2016,43(24):108-109. Li Y Y, Zhang R Q, Wang L, et al. Study on the treatment of dye wastewater by continuous aluminum-iron micro-electrolysis technology[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2016,43(24):108-109.
[27]
傅强根,孙健.铝炭微电解处理刚果红废水的脱色动力学研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2016,36(10):76-79. Fu Q G, Sun J. Research on the decolorization kinetics of the treatment of Cango red wastewater by aluminum-carbon microelectrolysis[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2016,36(10):76-79.
[28]
栾兆坤.铝的水化学反应及其形态组成[J]. 环境科学丛刊, 1987, (2):1-10. Luan Z K. Hydrochemical reaction and morphological composition of aluminum[J]. Environmental Science Series, 1987,(2):1-10.
[29]
杨津津,徐晓军,王刚,等.微电解絮凝耦合技术处理含重金属铅锌冶炼废水[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2012,22(7):2125-2132. Yang J J, Xu X J, Wang G, et al. Treatment of zinc and lead smelting wastewater containing heavy metals by combined process of micro-electrolysis with flocculation[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2012,22(7):2125-2132.
[30]
杨世迎,郑迪,常书雅,等.基于零价铝的氧化/还原技术在水处理中的应用[J]. 化学进展, 2016,28(5):754-762. Yang S Y, Zheng D, Chang S Y. Zero Valent aluminum based oxidation/reduction technology applied in water treatment[J]. Progress in Chemistry, 2016,28(5):754-762.
[31]
傅强根,胡勇有.铝炭微电解处理刚果红废水的效果及脱色机理研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2013,33(6):1527-1534. Fu Q G, Hu Y Y. Treatment effect and decolorization mechanism of Congo red wastewater by aluminum-carbon microelectrolysis[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013,33(6):1527-1534.
[32]
李春霞,罗建中,邓俊强,等.铁炭微电解处理饮用水源中Cr(Ⅵ)污染[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016,10(5):2471-2477. Li C X, Luo J Z, Deng J Q, et al. Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis method for removing Cr(vi) pollution in drinking water sources[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016,10(5):2471-2477.
[33]
刘东飞,胡涓,陈整生,等.铝炭微电解处理含铜、镍电镀废水[J]. 常州大学学报(自然科学版), 2012,24(1):51-54. Liu D F, Hu J, Chen Z S, et al. Treatment of electroplating wastewater containing copper and nickel by micro-electrolysis[J]. Journal of Changzhou University (Natural Science Edition), 2012,24(1):51-54.
[34]
杜艳影,刘小红,李劲,等.Shewanella oneidensis MR-1对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原及其影响因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(7):2740-2745. Du Y Y, Liu X H, Li J, et al. Reduction of Cr (vi) by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1and its influencing factors[J]. China Enronmental Science, 2018,38(7):2740-2745.
[35]
刘晓磊.绿脱石-有机酸-六价铬复杂体系中铬的还原反应及机理研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学, 2018. Liu X L. Hexavalent chromium reduction in the complicated system of nontronite-organic acids-chromium and its possible reaction mechanisms[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences, 2018.
[36]
程文慧,罗建中,娄继琛,等.酸碱改性活性炭吸附微污染水源水中的Ni2+[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017,11(4):2205-2211. Luo W H, Luo J Z, Lou J C, et al. Adsorption of Ni2+ from micro-polluted source water by acid-alkali-modified activated carbon[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017,11(4):2205-2211.
[37]
李大伟,朱锡锋.富含中、微孔稻壳活性炭的表征及液相吸附性能[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010,30(12):1597-1601. Li D W, Zhu X F. Characterization and adsorption performance of micro-mesoporous rice husk active carbon[J]. China Environmental Science, 2010,30(12):1597-1601.