Taking the land reclamation and environment remediation of the tailings pond of Chaihe lead-zinc mine for example, according to the ecological closure principle for the tailings pond, three different soil covering and vegetation measures were selected, including 50cm of soil covering with Amorpha fruticosa L. (measure1), 30cm of soil covering after geotextile covering with Amorpha fruticosa L. (measure 2) and150cm of soil covering with Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa L. (measure 3). Using the shadow engineering method, alternative cost method, restoration cost method and ecological value method, the benefit estimation modelsof the three measures were constructed to estimate the benefits of underground leaching and pollution diffusion prevention, surface runoff erosion and diffusion prevention, and wind erosion and diffusion prevention. The results showed that the benefits of measure1, measure 2 and measure 3 in the underground leaching and pollution diffusion prevention were 29.7524, 34.4956, 36.0475million yuan per year respectively. The three measures could reduce the losses of the surface covering soil, the sediment deposition of downstream rivers and the heavy metal pollution in different degree; their benefits of surface runoff erosion and pollution prevention were 12.2266, 25.8571 and 25.8675 million yuanper yearrespectively. The three kinds of soil covering and vegetation measures could effectively inhibit the diffusion of heavy metalsunder wind erosion; and their benefits of wind erosion prevention were 12.3545, 12.3545, 12.3786 million yuan per year respectively. Comprehensive benefits of the three kinds of soil covering and vegetation measures in heavy metal pollution prevention were 54.3335, 72.7072, 74.2936 million yuan per year respectively. For the three kinds of soil covering and vegetation measures’ comprehensive benefits, the benefit of underground leaching and pollutants diffusion prevention accounted for the largest proportion. The selection of soil covering measures should be based on the prevention of rainwater infiltration and leaching. Combined with meteorological factors such as rainfall, evaporation and covering soil characteristics, the thickness of covering soil and the necessity of setting up isolation layer should be reasonably determined by considering the reclamation and remediation cost.
靳文娟, 魏忠义. 柴河铅锌矿尾矿库复垦治理中不同覆土与植被措施的效益估算[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(6): 2577-2587.
JIN Wen-juan, WEI Zhong-yi. Benefit estimation of different soil covering and vegetation measures in the reclamation and remediation of the tailings pond of Chaihe lead-zinc mine. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(6): 2577-2587.
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