Abstract：The impact of agricultural operation scale on agricultural environmental efficiency was theoretically analyzed to explore the relationship between agricultural large-scale operation and agricultural environmental sustainability. An agricultural environmental efficiency calculation model based on the material balance principle was used to estimate the environmental efficiency, and then an agricultural environmental efficiency impact model was built to investigate the impact of agricultural large-scale operation on the environmental efficiency of the grain crop production. Using plot-level panel data of rice farmers in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2016, the impacts of agricultural operation scale indicators such as land area, labor input, capital input, and agricultural output on agricultural environmental efficiency were empirically analyzed. Agricultural operation scale affected its environmental efficiency in a variety of ways; the land area had an inverted-U shape relations with the environmental efficiency; the labor input and capital input had negative impacts on agricultural environmental efficiency; while the increase of agricultural output promoted the improvement of agricultural environmental efficiency.
马永喜, 马钰婷. 农业经营规模化发展对环境效率的影响——基于地块层面的实证分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(10): 4631-4640.
MA Yong-xi, MA Yu-ting. Impacts of agricultural scale operation on the environmental efficiency: An analysis based on land plots data. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(10): 4631-4640.
Gong B. Agricultural reforms and production in China:Changes in provincial production function and productivity in 1978~2015[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2018,132:18-31.
[2]
Lund P, Price R. The measurement of average farm size[J]. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1998,49(1):100-110.
[3]
何秀荣.关于我国农业经营规模的思考[J]. 农业经济问题, 2016, 37(9):4-15. He X R. Thoughts on the scale of agricultural management in China[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2016,37(9):4-15.
[4]
罗浩轩.中国区域农业要素禀赋结构变迁的逻辑和趋势分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2017,(3):46-59. Luo H X. An analysis on the logic and trend of regional agricultural factor endowment structure change in China[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2017,(3):46-59.
[5]
Bagi F S, Huang C J. Estimating production technical efficiency for individual farms in Tennessee[J]. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, 1983, 31(2):249-256.
[6]
Lund C, Prodehl C, Kaminski W, et al. A preliminary interpretation of the long-range seismic refraction profile (Fennolora) through Scandinavia[J]. Geologiska Freningen I Stockholm Frhandlingar, 1983,105(4):388-388.
[7]
Olson K, Vu L. Economic efficiency in farm households:trends, explanatory factors, and estimation methods[J]. Agricultural Economics, 2009,40(5):587-599.
[8]
石晓平,郎海如.农地经营规模与农业生产率研究综述[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2013,13(2):76-84. Shi X P, Liang H R.Literature Review on the Issue of Relationship Between Farm Size and Agricultural Productivity[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Science edition), 2013,13(2):76-84.
[9]
Hadrich J C, Olson F. Joint measurement of farm size and farm performance:a confirmatory factor analysis[J]. Agricultural Finance Review, 2011,71(3):295-309.
[10]
姚洪霞.农地经营规模对农业环境效率的影响研究[D]. 南京:南京审计大学, 2017. Yao H X. Study on the effect of agricultural management scale on agricultural eco-efficiency[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Audit University, 2017.
[11]
Ju X, Xing G, Chen X, et al. Reducing environmental risk by improving N management in intensive Chinese agricultural systems[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009,106(9):3041-3046.
[12]
Chen X, Cui Z, Fan M, et al. Producing more grain with lower environmental costs[J]. Nature, 2014,514(7523):486-489.
[13]
Wossink G A A, Wenum J H. Biodiversity conservation by farmers:analysis of actual and contingent participation[J]. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 2001,30(4):461-485.
[14]
韩冬梅,金书秦,沈贵银.畜禽养殖污染防治的国际经验与借鉴[J]. 世界农业, 2013,(5):14-18,159. Han D M, Jin S Q, Shen G. International experience and reference of pollution prevention in livestock and poultry farming[J]. World Agriculture, 2013,(5):14-18,159.
[15]
Marchand S, Guo H. The environmental efficiency of non-certified organic farming in China:A case study of paddy rice production[J]. China Economic Review, 2014,31:201-216.
[16]
Lauwers L. Justifying the incorporation of the materials balance principle into frontier-based eco-efficiency models[J]. Ecological Economics, 2009,68(6):1605-1614.
[17]
Picazo-Tadeo A J, Beltrán-Esteve M, Gómez-Limón J A. Assessing eco-efficiency with directional distance functions[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2012,220(3):798-809.
[18]
Hoque A. Farm size and economic-allocative efficiency in Bangladesh agriculture[J]. Applied Economics, 1988,20(10):1353-1368.
[19]
崔晓,张屹山.中国农业环境效率与环境全要素生产率分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2014,(8):4-16. Cui X, Zhang Y S. Analysis of agricultural environmental efficiency and environmental total factor productivity in China[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2014,(8):4-16.
[20]
Coelli T, Lauwers L, Van Huylenbroeck G. Environmental efficiency measurement and the materials balance condition[J]. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 2007,28(1/2):3-12.
[21]
Meensel J V, Lauwers L, Huylenbroeck G V, et al. Comparing frontier methods for economic-environmental trade-off analysis[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2010,207(2):1027-1040.
[22]
Hoang V N, Coelli T. Measurement of agricultural total factor productivity growth incorporating environmental factors:A nutrients balance approach[J]. Journal of Environmental Economics & Management, 2011,62(3):462-474.
[23]
杨志海,麦尔旦·吐尔孙,王雅鹏.健康冲击对农村中老年人农业劳动供给的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J]. 中国农村观察, 2015,(3):26-39. Yang Z H, Meldan T, Wang Y P. The impact of health shocks on the rural labor supply of middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas-An empirical analysis based on CHARLS data[J]. China Rural Survey, 2015,(3):26-39.
[24]
Kortelainen M. Estimation of semiparametric stochastic frontiers under shape constraints with application to pollution generating technologies[D]. Finland:Joensuun Yliopisto, 2008.
[25]
刘钰鹏.土地规模经营与农业环境效率:基于SBM-Tobit模型的实证分析[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019,47(5):314-318. Liu Y P. Land scale management and agricultural environmental efficiency:An empirical analysis based on SBM-Tobit model[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019,47(5):314-318.
[26]
幸汉龙.我国粮食主产区粮食生产环境效率测度及影响因素研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学, 2018. Xing H L. Study on the measurement of food production environmental efficiency and its influencing factors in the main grain production areas of China[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University, 2018.
[27]
Tyteca D. On the measurement of the environmental performance of firms-a literature review and a productive efficiency perspective[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 1996,46(3):281-308.
[28]
Reinhard S. Econometric analysis of economic and environmental efficiency of Dutch dairy farms[D]. Dutch:Wageningen Universiteit, 1999.
[29]
Sen A K. An aspect of Indian agriculture[J]. Economic Weekly, 1962,14(4-6):243-246.
[30]
Sen A K. Peasants and dualism with or without surplus labor[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1966,74(5):425-450.
[31]
李海鹏.中国农业面源污染的经济分析与政策研究[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2007. Li H P. The agricultural non-point source pollution in China:An economic analysis and policy studies[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University, 2007.
[32]
Wu Y, Xi X, Tang X, et al. Policy distortions, farm size, and the overuse of agricultural chemicals in China[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018,115(27):7010-7015.
[33]
张忠明,钱文荣,虎陈霞.非农就业导致农户生产投入及其效率下降了吗?——来自浙江传统粮区的调查[J]. 兰州学刊, 2017,(4):187-191. Zhang Z M, Qian W R, Hu C X. Does non-farm employment lead to the decease of farmers production input and efficiency?[J]. Lanzhou Academic Journal, 2017,(4):187-191.
[34]
李文秀,李仪,江颖.发达国家农业生产投入与农业生产率的实证研究[J]. 世界农业, 2015,(4):29-33. Li W X, Li Y, Jiang Y. An empirical study on agricultural production input and agricultural productivity in developed countries[J]. World Agriculture, 2015,(4):29-33.
[35]
陆文聪,刘聪.化肥污染对粮食作物生产的环境惩罚效应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(5):1988-1994. Lu W C, Liu C. The "environmental punishment" effect of fertilizer pollution in grain crop production[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(5):1988-1994.
[36]
高晶晶,彭超,史清华.中国化肥高用量与小农户的施肥行为研究——基于1995~2016年全国农村固定观察点数据的发现[J]. 管理世界, 2019,35(10):12. Gao J J, Peng C, Shi Q H. Study on high chemical fertilizer application and fertilization behavior of small farmers[J]. Management World, 2019,35(10):12.
[37]
付明辉,祁春节.要素禀赋,技术进步偏向与农业全要素生产率增长——基于28个国家的比较分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2016,(12):76-90. Fu M H, Qi C J. Factor endowment, technological progress bias and agricultural total factor productivity growth[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2016,(12):76-90.
[38]
Hayami Y, Otsuka K, Subbarao K. Efficiency and equity in the producer levy of India[J]. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1982,64(4):655-663.
[39]
侯俊东,吕军,尹伟峰.农户经营行为对农村生态环境影响研究[J]. 中国人口资源与环境, 2012,22(3):26-31. Hou J D, Lv J, Yin W. Effects of farmer households' production and operation behaviors on rural eco environment[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2012,22(3):26-31.
[40]
Nerlove M. Estimates of the elasticities of supply of selected agricultural commodities[J]. Journal of Farm Economics, 1956,38(2):496-509.
[41]
肖卫,肖琳子.二元经济中的农业技术进步,粮食增产与农民增收——来自2001~2010年中国省级面板数据的经验证据[J]. 中国农村经济, 2013,(6):4-13,47. Xiao W, Xiao L Z. Advances in agricultural technology, increased grain production and farmers' incomes in the dual economy-empirical evidence from China's provincial panel data from 2001 to 2010[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2013,(6):4-13,47.
[42]
王欧,杨进.农业补贴对中国农户粮食生产的影响[J]. 中国农村经济, 2014,(5):20-28. Wang O, Yang J. Impact of agricultural subsidies on grain production of Chinese farmers[J]. Chinese Rural Economy, 2014,(5):20-28.
[43]
Zepeda L, Douthitt R, You S Y. Consumer risk perceptions toward agricultural biotechnology, self-protection, and food demand:the case of milk in the United States[J]. Risk Analysis:An International Journal, 2003,23(5):973-984.
[44]
龚琦,王雅鹏.我国农用化肥施用的影响因素——基于省际面板数据的实证分析[J]. 生态经济, 2011,1(2):33-38. Gong Q, Wang Y P. Influential factors of chemical fertilizer employing in China:Empirical study based on provincial panel data[J]. Ecological Economy, 2011,1(2):33-38.
[45]
Tone K A. Dealing with undesirable outputs in DEA:a Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) approach[J]. National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, 2003,7(1):44-45.
[46]
田红宇,刘魏.环境约束、粮食绿色生产效率及其协调性研究——基于非期望产出模型[J]. 三峡大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2019,41(5):76-82. Tian H Y, Liu W. Research on environmental constraints, green food production efficiency and their coordination-Based on unexpected output model[J]. Journal of China Three Gorges University (Humanities & Social Sciences), 2019,41(5):76-82.
[47]
吕娜,朱立志.中国农业环境技术效率与绿色全要素生产率增长研究[J]. 农业技术经济, 2019,(4):95-103. Lv N, Zhu L Z. Research on agricultural environmental technology efficiency and green total factor productivity growth of China[J]. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics, 2019,(4):95-103.
[48]
Färe R, Grosskopf S. Directional distance functions and slacks-based measures of efficiency[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2010,200(1):320-322.
[49]
Tobin J. Estimation of relationships for limited dependent variables[J]. Econometrica, 1958,26(1):24-36.
[50]
Amemiya T. Tobit models:A survey[J]. Journal of Econometrics, 1984,24(1/2):3-61.
