中国火电企业生产效率评价与影响因素研究

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摘要基于2008~2017年省级统计数据，研究中国火电企业生产效率与影响因素.首先，运用Bootstrap方法修正的DEA模型研究火电企业静态效率；其次，结合全局参比Malmquist指数的可传递性研究火电企业动态效率；最后，运用Tobit模型研究火电企业生产效率影响因素，基于稳健性考虑运用固定效应模型验证检验结果的可靠性.效率评价实证结果显示：2008~2017年无一省（自治区、直辖市）的火电企业生产效率处于生产前沿面，也无一省（自治区、直辖市）的火电企业生产效率持续提高.2008~2013年全国火电企业生产效率比较平稳，2013~2016年呈下降趋势且省际差异逐步扩大，2017年有所回升.2008~2017年东中西三大地带火电企业效率和平稳性呈现东部最优、中部次之、西部最差的格局.影响因素实证结果显示：设备性能、经济发展速度、市场竞争程度是火电企业生产效率的显著影响因素；政府对环境污染重视程度和碳排放权交易市场对火电企业生产效率影响有限.

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	张吉岗
	杨红娟

关键词 ：火电企业, Bootstrap方法, DEA-Tobit模型, 生产效率, 影响因素

Abstract：Based on provincial statistical data from 2008 to 2017, the production efficiency evaluation and influencing factors of China's thermal power enterprises were studied. Firstly, the DEA model modified by Bootstrap method was employed to study the static efficiency of thermal power enterprises; Secondly, the dynamic efficiency of thermal power enterprises by integrating the transitivity of the global reference Malmquist index was studied; Finally, Tobit model was used to study the factors affecting the production efficiency of thermal power enterprises, and the fixed effect model was used to verify the reliability of test results in consideration of robustness. The empirical results of efficiency evaluation show that neither was a single province's (autonomous region or municipality) production efficiency of thermal power enterprises at the production frontier from 2008 to 2017, nor did it continue to improve. The production efficiency of China's thermal power enterprises was relatively stable from 2008 to 2013, it presented a downward trend and the inter-provincial differences were gradually amplified from 2013 to 2016, and it rebounded in 2017. From 2008 to 2017, the efficiency and stability of thermal power enterprises in Eastern, Central, and Western China presented that the best in the east, followed by the central, and the worst in the west. The empirical results for influencing factors indicated that equipment performance, economic development speed and degree of market competition were three key factors determining the production efficiency of thermal power enterprise; government's emphasis on environmental pollution and the carbon emission trading market had limited impact on it.

Key words： thermal power enterprise bootstrap method DEA-Tobit model production efficiency influencing factor

收稿日期: 2019-04-24

PACS:

X321

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（71463034）；云南省院省校合作项目（SYSX201702）

通讯作者: 杨红娟,教授,939738277@qq.com E-mail: 939738277@qq.com

作者简介: 张吉岗(1984-),男,山东聊城人,昆明理工大学讲师,昆明理工大学博士研究生,研究方向为可持续发展.

引用本文:

张吉岗, 杨红娟. 中国火电企业生产效率评价与影响因素研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(11): 4910-4920. ZHANG Ji-gang, YANG Hong-juan. Study on production efficiency evaluation and influencing factors of China's thermal power enterprises. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(11): 4910-4920.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I11/4910

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