Potential suitable habitat and conservation gaps of scleractinia corals along mainland China’s coast
HU Wen-jia1,2, ZHANG Dian1, LIAO Bao-lin3, LI Yuan-chao4, LIU Xin-ming5, MA Zhi-yuan1,2, DU Jian-guo1,2, YU Wei-wei1,2, CHEN Bin1,2, ZHENG Xin-qing1,2,6,7
1. Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; 2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China; 3. Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China; 4. Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Science, Haikou 570125, China; 5. Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China; 6. Observation and Research Station of Island and Costal Ecosystem in Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone, Xiamen 361005, China; 7. Fujian Provincial Station for Field Observation and Research of Island and Costal Zone in Zhangzhou, Xiamen 361005, China
Abstract：Predicting their potential habitat distribution and suitable environmental conditions is essential to achieve effective conservation and coral reef restoration of scleractinia corals. Here, for the first time, we adopted the Maximum Entropy Model and spatial analysis approach to predict the potential habitat suitability of scleractinia corals along the southeast coast of mainland China, as well as quantitatively evaluated the relationships between coral distribution and multiple environmental factors. The results showed that the distribution of scleractinia corals in China was mainly affected by environmental variables such as precipitation and sea surface temperature. The most suitable environmental interval include annual precipitation (between 1136~2051mm), precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation, 66~83mm), mean SST in the coldest season (18.6~23.3℃), and annual mean SST(20.9~25.8℃). The simulated potential suitable areas are mainly distributed along the coasts of Hainan Island-Weizhou Island-Leizhou Peninsula, Pearl River Mouth-Daya Bay, Nan'ao-Dongshan-Liu Au, and Xiamen Bay-Pingtan Island, where the most suitable area is about 138km2. By comparing the distribution hotspots of scleractinia corals and current marine protected areas, it was identified that the potential conservation gaps may occur at the Pearl River Estuary, Daya Bay and the southern coast of Fujian Province, as well as Lingao and Lingshui around Hainan Island.
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