中国西南“三江”流域区土壤铊空间分布及健康风险评估

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (3235 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要通过对中国西南“三江”流域区土壤样品中铊元素含量的分析，并多方法联合应用综合评价研究区土壤铊的污染状况，结果表明，中国西南“三江”流域区浅层土壤铊元素含量范围为0.17~2.65mg/kg，变异系数小，均值为0.80mg/kg，整体略高于中国土壤背景值，而略低于深层土壤铊元素含量，研究区浅/深层土壤铊元素含量特征主要受控于自然地质背景，整体具有“北高南低，西高东低”的趋势.基于中国不同母岩类型区土壤相关元素含量为背景的富集系数（均值1.30）、地累积指数（均值-0.41）、潜在生态风险（均值12.48）及非致癌健康风险评估（危害商小于1）参数均显示研究区土壤铊污染程度整体较低，不存在土壤重金属铊元素的非致癌健康风险，其实质上反映了在自然背景控制下研究区土壤铊的低污染和低健康风险特征.不同土地利用方式区土壤铊含量特征及浅/深层土壤铊元素含量之比反映了研究区存在一定人为污染，且人为铊污染具有“北轻南重，西轻东重”的趋势.综合分析表明，研究区铅锌等矿产的相关矿业活动可能是该区人为铊污染输入的主要来源，人为污染叠加自然地质背景使研究区存在一定低程度污染及潜在健康风险的区域，即独龙江流域南部和怒江流域中南部、澜沧江流域北部和南部、元江流域中南部地区，该区域应引起人们对土壤铊污染的重视.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	刘福田
	王学求
	迟清华

关键词 ：土壤, 重金属, 铊, 健康风险, 中国西南“三江”地区

Abstract：Based on the analysis of thallium content in floodplain soil samples obtained by the China Geochemical Baselines project in "Three Rivers" regions of southwest China, the pollution status of the thallium in soil of the study area was comprehensively evaluated by multiple methods. Results showed that, the thallium content in top soil of the region was 0.17~2.65mg/kg with the mean of 0.80mg/kg and the coefficients of variation was low, which was slightly higher than soil background value of China and slightly lower than that in deep soil. The characteristics of thallium content in the top/deep soil were mainly controlled by the natural geological background, and its overall trend was "north was higher than south, and west was higher than east". Based on the background of related elements of soil in different parent rock areas in China, the parameters of enrichment coefficient, geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk with the mean 1.30, -0.41 and 12.48, respectively, and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment with hazard quotient less than 1 all showed that the thallium contamination level of soil in the study area was generally low and there was no non-carcinogenic health risk of heavy metal of thallium in the soil, which essentially reflected that there had the characteristics of low pollution and low health risk of thallium pollution in soil of the study area under the control of natural geological background. Meanwhile, there was a certain amount of man-made pollution with a tendency of "north was lighter than south, and west was lighter than east" in the study area, reflected by the distribution characteristics of thallium content of soil in different land use field and the ratio of thallium content in top and deep soil. Comprehensive analysis showed that, the mining activities related to lead and zinc minerals in the study area might be the main source of man-made thallium pollution. Some parts of the study area had a certain degree of pollution and potential health risks due to the superposition of man-made pollution and natural geological background, including the south of Drung river basin, south central Nujiang river basin, the north and south Lancang river basin and south central Yuanjiang river basin, and these areas should attract people's attention to thallium pollution in soil.

Key words： soil heavy metal thallium health risk "Three Rivers" regions of southwest China

收稿日期: 2020-08-12

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0600600）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（121201108000150005；1212011120331；1212010661313）

通讯作者: 王学求,研究员,wangxueqiu@igge.cn E-mail: wangxueqiu@igge.cn

作者简介: 刘福田(1993-),男,安徽阜阳人,博士,主要从事油气地质与应用地球化学研究.

引用本文:

刘福田, 王学求, 迟清华. 中国西南“三江”流域区土壤铊空间分布及健康风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(4): 1765-1777. LIU Fu-tian, WANG Xue-qiu, CHI Qing-hua. Spatial variation and health risk assessment of thallium in floodplain soil in “Three Rivers” regions of southwest China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(4): 1765-1777.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I4/1765

[1]	Nriagu J O. Thallium[J]. Chemical & Engineering News, 2003,81(36):153.
[2]	王春霖,陈永亨,张永波,等.铊的环境地球化学研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010,19(11):2749-2757. Wang C L, Cheng Y H, Zhang Y B, et al. Overview of research about environmental geochemistry characteristics of thallium[J]. Ecology and Environment Sciences, 2010,19(11):2749-2757.
[3]	Keith L H, Telliard W A. Priority pollutants. I. A perspective view[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1979,13(4):416-423.
[4]	李德先,高振敏,朱咏喧.环境介质中铊的分布及其分析测试方法[J]. 地质通报, 2002,21(10):682-688. Li D X, Gao Z, Zhu Y X. Distribution of thallium in environmental media and its analytical methods[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2002,21(10):682-688.
[5]	张忠,陈国丽,张宝贵,等.尿液、头发、指(趾)甲高铊汞砷是铊矿区污染标志[J]. 中国环境科学, 1999,19(6):481-484. Zhang Z, Chen G L, Zhang B G, et al. Contaminative markers of Tl-mining district from the high contents of Tl, Hg and As of urine, hair and nail in the village[J]. China Environmental Science, 1999, 19(6):481-484.
[6]	Xiao T F, Boyle D, Guha J, et al. Groundwater related thallium transfer processes and impacts on ecosystem, southwest Guizhou Province, China[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2003,18(5):675-691.
[7]	Xiao T F, Guha J, Boyle D, et al. Environmental concerns related to high thallium levels in soils and thallium uptake by plants in southwest Guizhou, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2004,318:223-244.
[8]	Brockhaus A, Dolgner R, Ewers U, et al. Intake and health effects of Thallium among a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant emitting Thallium containing dust[J]. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1981,48(4):375-389.
[9]	Mulkey J P, Oehme F W. A review of thallium toxicity[J]. Veterinary and human toxicology, 1993,35(5):445-453.
[10]	Zhang Z, Zhang B G, Long J P, et al. Thallium pollution associated with mining of thallium deposits[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1998,41:75-81.
[11]	Peter A L J, Viraraghavan T. Thallium:a review of public health and environmental concerns[J]. Environment International, 2005,31:493-501.
[12]	周涛发,范裕,袁峰,等.铊的环境地球化学研究进展及铊污染的防治对策[J]. 地质论评, 2005,51(2):181-188. Zhou T F, Fan Y, Yuan F, et al. A review on progresses and problems on environmental geochemistry studies of Thallium element and the countermeasures to prevent and cure the Thallium pollution[J]. Geological Review, 2005,51(2):181-188.
[13]	贾彦龙,肖唐付,周广柱,等.水体、土壤和沉积物中铊的化学形态研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2013,32(6):917-925. Jia Y L, Xiao T F, Zhou G Z, et al. Advance on the chemical speciation of thallium in water, soil and sediment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2013,32(6):917-925.
[14]	Xiao T F, Yang F, Li S H, et al. Thallium pollution in China:A geo-environmental perspective[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012,421-422:51-58.
[15]	Jiang F, Ren B Z, Hursthouse A, et al. Distribution, source identification, and ecological-health risks of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil of thallium mine area (southwestern Guizhou, China)[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019,26:16556-16567.
[16]	Liu J, Luo X W, Sun Y Q, et al. Thallium pollution in China and removal technologies for waters:A review[J]. Environment International, 2019,126:771-790.
[17]	肖唐付,何立斌,陈敬安.黔西南铊污染区铊的水环境地球化学研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2004,32(1):35-41. Xiao T F, He L B, Chen J A. Aqueous environmental geochemistry of thallium in a thallium contaminated area of southwest Guizhou[J]. Earth and Environment, 2004,32(1):35-41.
[18]	刘敬勇,常向阳,涂湘林.重金属铊污染及防治对策研究进展[J]. 土壤, 2007,39(4):528-535. Liu J Y, Chang X Y, Tu X L. Thallium pollution and its countermeasures[J]. Soils, 2007,39(4):528-535.
[19]	邓红梅,陈永亨,刘涛,等.铊在土壤-植物系统中的迁移积累[J]. 环境化学, 2013,32(9):1749-1757. Deng H M, Chen Y H, Liu T, et al. Study on the translocation and accumulation of thallium in soil-plant system[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2013,32(9):1749-1757.
[20]	程秦豫,黄易勤,陈小雁,等.铊在铅锌矿选冶过程中的转移及环境影响风险[J]. 有色金属工程, 2018,8(2):129-132. Cheng Q Y, Huang Y Q, Chen X Y, et al. Migration and environmental risk of Thallium in beneficiation and smelting process of Lead-Zinc Ore[J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering, 2018,8(2):129-132.
[21]	张宝贵,张忠.铊矿床-环境地球化学研究综述[J]. 贵州地质, 1996,13(1):38-44. Zhang B G, Zhang Z. A review of environmentary geochemistry from thallium ore deposits[J]. Guizhou Geology, 1996,13(1):38-44.
[22]	Deng J, Wang Q F, Li G J, et al. Cenozoic tectono-magmatic and metallogenic processes in the Sanjiang region, southwestern China[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2014,138:268-299.
[23]	Wang C M, Bagas L, Lu Y J, et al. Terrane boundary and spatio-temporal distribution of ore deposits in the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen:Insights from zircon Hf-isotopic mapping[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2016,156:39-65.
[24]	王李鸿,角媛梅,明庆忠,等.云南省沘江流域水体重金属污染评价[J]. 环境科学研究, 2009,22(5):595-600. Wang L H, Jiao Y M, Ming Q Z, et al. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in Bijiang basin in Yunnan Province[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2009,22(5):595-600.
[25]	刘娟,王津,陈永亨,等.大气气溶胶中铊污染问题的研究进展[J]. 有色冶金设计与研究, 2013,34(3):79-81. Liu J, Wang J, Chen Y H, et al. Overview of the research on Thallium pollution in aerosol particles[J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering & Research, 2013,34(3):79-81.
[26]	涂光炽.我国西南地区两个别具一格的成矿带(域)[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2002,21(1):1-2. Tu G C. Two unique mineralization areas in southwest China[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2002,21(1):1-2.
[27]	范裕,周涛发,Gabriel Voicu,等.铊矿床成矿规律[J]. 地质科技情报, 2005,24(1):55-60. Fan Y, Zhou T F, Gabriel V, et al. Metallogenic regularities of Thallium deposits[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2005,24(1):55-60.
[28]	Wang X Q, the CGB Sampling Team. China geochemical baselines:Sampling methodology[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2015,154:17-31.
[29]	王学求,周建,徐善法,等.全国地球化学基准网建立与土壤地球化学基准值特征[J]. 中国地质, 2016,43(5):1469-1480. Wang X Q, Zhou J, Xu S F, et al. China soil geochemical baselines networks:Data characteristics[J]. Geology in China, 2016,43(5):1469-1480.
[30]	张勤,白金峰,王烨.地壳全元素配套分析方案及分析质量监控系统[J]. 地学前缘, 2012,19(3):33-42. Zhang Q, Bai J F, Wang Y. Analytical scheme and quality monitoring system for China Geochemical Baselines[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2012,19(3):33-42.
[31]	范拴喜,甘卓亭,李美娟,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2010,26(17):310-315. Fan S X, Gan Z T, Li M J, et al. Progress of assessment methods of heavy metal pollution in soil[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010,26(17):310-315.
[32]	郭笑笑,刘丛强,朱兆洲,等.土壤重金属污染评价方法[J]. 生态学杂志, 2011,30(5):889-896. Guo X X, Liu C Q, Zhu Z Z, et al. Evaluation methods for soil heavy metals contamination:A review.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2011, 30(5):889-896.
[33]	范晓婷,蒋艳雪,崔斌,等.富集因子法中参比元素的选取方法——以元江底泥中重金属污染评价为例[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(10):3795-3803. Fan X T, Jiang Y X, Cui B, et al. Selection of a reference element for enrichment factor:A case study on the pollution evaluation of heavy metals in the sediment of Yuan River[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016,36(10):3795-3803.
[34]	中国环境监测总站编.中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1990:288. Chinese Environmental Monitoring Station. Soil background values of China[M]. Beijing:Chinese Environmental Science Press, 1990:288.
[35]	Islam M S, Ahmed M K, Raknuzzaman M, et al. Heavy metal pollution in surface water and sediment:A preliminary assessment of an urban river in a developing country[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2015,48:282-291.
[36]	赵东杰,王学求.滇黔桂岩溶区河漫滩土壤重金属含量、来源及潜在生态风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(4):1609-1619. Zhao D J, Wang X Q. Distribution, sources and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the floodplain soils of the karst area of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(4):1609-1619.
[37]	Zhang G L, Bai J H, Xiao R, et al. Heavy metal fractions and ecological risk assessment in sediments from urban, rural and reclamation-affected rivers of the Pearl River Estuary, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2017,184:278-288.
[38]	李友平,刘慧芳,周洪,等.成都市PM2.5中有毒重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(7):2225-2232. Li Y P, Liu H F, Zhou H, et al. Contamination characteristics and health risk assessment of toxic heavy metals in PM2.5 in Chengdu[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(7):2225-2232.
[39]	林承奇,胡恭任,于瑞莲,等.九龙江近岸表层沉积物重金属污染评价及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(4):1218-1225. Lin C Q, Hu G R, Yu R L, et al. Pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in offshore surface sediments from Jiulong River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(4):1218-1225.
[40]	Hakanson L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:A sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 1980,14(8):975-1001.
[41]	何茂粉,张成丽.新密市矿区铊含量分析及其环境风险评价[J]. 有色金属材料与工程, 2019,40(5):32-37. He M F, Zhang C L. Thallium content analysis in Xinmi Mine Area and its environmental risk assessment[J]. Nonferrous Metal Materials and Engineering, 2019,40(5):32-37.
[42]	Liu Y X, Wang Q, Zhuang W, et al. Calculation of thallium's toxicity coefficient in the evaluation of potential ecological risk index:a casestudy[J]. Chemosphere, 2017,194:562-569.
[43]	USEPA. Supplemental guidance for developing soil screening levels for superfund sites[R]. Washington, DC:Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, 2002.
[44]	李如忠,潘成荣,陈婧,等.铜陵市区表土与灰尘重金属污染健康风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2012,32(12):2261-2270. Li R Z, Pan C R, Chen J, et al. Heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment for urban topsoil and dust in Tongling City[J]. China Environmental Science, 2012,32(12):2261-2270.
[45]	张小红,王亚娟,陶红,等.宁夏土壤中PAEs污染特征及健康风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(9):3930-3941. Zhang X H, Wang Y J, Tao H, et al. Study on pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of phthalates in soil of Ningxia[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(9):3930-3941.
[46]	Wang X Q, Liu X M, Han Z X, et al. Concentration and distribution of mercury in drainage catchment sediment and alluvial soil of China[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2015,154:32-48.
[47]	田雷.中国南方地区铊地球化学特征[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2009. Tian L. Geochemical characteristics of Thallium in south China[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2009.
[48]	迟清华,鄢明才.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2007:142. Chi Q H, Yan M C. Handbook of elemental abundance for applied geochemistry[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2007:142.
[49]	Zhuang W, Wang Q, Tang L B, et al. A new ecological risk assessment index for metal elements in sediments based on receptor model, speciation, and toxicity coefficient by taking the Nansihu Lake as an example[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2018,89:725-737.
[50]	孙国胜,胡瑞忠,苏文超,等.扬子地块西南缘低温成矿域Au、Sb、Hg、As矿床区域分布上的共生分异及控制因素[J]. 地质地球化学, 2003,31(4):50-55. Sun G S, Hu R Z, Su W C, et al. Regional association and fractionation mechanism of Au, Sb, Hg and As deposits in vast epithermal mineralization area at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block[J]. Geology-Geochemistry, 2003,31(4):50-55.
[51]	范裕,周涛发,袁峰.铊矿物晶体化学和地球化学[J]. 吉林大学学报:地球科学版, 2005,35(3):284-290. Fan Y, Zhou T F, Yuan F. Crystal chemistry and geochemistry of Thallium minerals[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2005,35(3):284-290.
[52]	苏龙晓,陈永亨,刘娟,等.含铊矿床在全国的分布及其资源开发对环境的影响研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2014,42(22):7588-7591. Su L X, Chen Y H, Liu J, et al. Distribution of containing Thallium deposit in China and effects of resource development on environment[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science, 2014,42(22):7588-7591.