贝加尔湖高压分裂过程对绥化市重污染的影响

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摘要为探究贝加尔湖高压分裂过程对绥化市2020年1月份持续性重污染事件的影响，以WRF中尺度气象预报数据及气象观测数据为分析基础，分析了2020年1月9~21日的天气形势及气象要素变化，并结合污染物浓度观测数据及PM_2.5组分观测数据（13~21日），分析了该过程中污染物浓度变化及化学组分特征.结果表明：此次污染过程由贝加尔湖分裂高压引起的持续性静稳天气造成，11~20日期间，空气质量指数AQI变化范围为182~329，其中有9d污染状况为重度及以上污染；重污染期间，地面风速最低下降至0.5m/s左右，能见度下降至1km左右，且出现逆温层，大气扩散条件差；持续性静稳天气导致大气氧化性增强，氧化剂浓度（ρ（NO₂）+ρ（O₃））约94~118 μg/m³，相对湿度约为94%，ρ（SO₄^2-）、ρ（NH₄⁺）最大日增量达28.59、11.32μg/m³，增长速度相比于14日分别增加了1264%、1270%，高湿高氧化性的大气环境显著促进了二次无机盐的生成.贝加尔湖高压分裂过程导致持续性静稳天气，加之污染物的本地排放与积累，增加了大气氧化性，进而形成绥化市持续性重污染天气.

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关键词 ：高压分裂, 天气形势, PM_2.5, 化学组分

Abstract：To explore the impact of the Baikal high-pressure splitting process on the continuous heavy pollution incident in Suihua City during January 2020, based on the analysis of the mesoscale WRF weather forecast data and the meteorological observation data, the Weather situation and changes in meteorological elements were analyzed from January 9 to 21, 2020. Combining the pollutant concentration observation data and the PM_2.5 component observation data, the pollutant concentration changes, and chemical composition characteristics in the process were analyzed. The pollution process was caused by continuous and stable weather caused by the splitting high pressure of Lake Baikal. During the 11~20 days, the AQI ranged from 182 to 329, of which 9days were severely polluted or above. During the period of heavy pollution, the relative humidity is about 94%, the wind speed on the ground drops to about 0.5m/s, the visibility dropped to about 1m/s, and there was an inversion layer, and the atmospheric diffusion conditions were poor. The continuous static and stable weather had led to the enhancement of atmospheric oxidation. The oxidant concentration (ρ(NO₂) + ρ(O₃)) was about 94~118μg/m³, and the maximum daily increase of sulfate and ammonium salt were 28.59 and 11.32mol/m³, and the growth rate increased by 1264% and 1270% respectively compared to the 14th. The low temperature, high humidity and high oxidizing atmosphere promoted the formation of secondary inorganic salts. Studies had shown that the continuous and stable weather caused by the high-pressure splitting process of Lake Baikal had increased atmospheric oxidation, coupled with unfavorable meteorological conditions and local accumulation and emission of pollutants, resulting in continuous heavy pollution weather in Suihua City.

Key words： high-pressure splitting synoptic situation PM_2.5 chemical components

收稿日期: 2020-11-04

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0212202）

通讯作者: 尉鹏,助理研究员,weipeng@craes.org.cn E-mail: weipeng@craes.org.cn

作者简介: 李娟(1995-)女,山东菏泽人,中国环境科学研究院硕士研究生,主要从事大气化学模式等研究.发表论文4篇.

引用本文:

李娟, 褚旸晰, 杜谨宏, 靳文静, 胡荣明, 尉鹏. 贝加尔湖高压分裂过程对绥化市重污染的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(6): 2540-2551. LI Juan, CHU Yang-xi, DU Jin-hong, JIN Wen-jing, HU Rong-ming, WEI Peng. Influence of Baikal high-pressure split process on heavy pollution in Suihua City. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(6): 2540-2551.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I6/2540

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