1. Faculty of Environment Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; 2. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China
Abstract：This review summarized various detection methods of microbial source tracking (MST) in recent publications and the results showed as follow. Firstly, marker abundance significantly affects the risk assessment of microbial contamination in water. Thus we should consider both of sensitivity and abundance when selecting suitable markers. Meanwhile, the cross-reaction between non-target samples and markers may decrease the specificity of suitable markers and we could dilute the sample or purify the DNA to avoid this issue. Moreover, an important consideration with library-dependent MST assays is to determine the appropriate fecal taxon libraries (FTL) size of samples for each host, which can be accomplished by using power analysis. In addition, SourceTracker is difficult to distinguish the source of microbial contamination accurately when the species in the FTL are closer to the autochthonous taxa. This issue could be improved by incorporating autochthonous taxa in the FTL and increasing the number of model runs. To overcome these barriers and establish accurate and comprehensive MST methods, this study proposed to: 1) explore the relationship between sensitivity and abundance of selected markers and clarify the causes of the differences among marker abundances; 2) enhance the understanding of cross-reaction between non-target samples and markers; 3) verify the influence mechanism of the intragroup variability among fecal microorganisms and the types of autochthonous taxa on library-dependent MST method.
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