广东某市疫情期间污水中精神药物的分布特征和滥用评价

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摘要采用污水流行病学的方法，研究了2020年新冠疫情期间及前后广东省某市生活污水中两种典型精神药物甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮的赋存特征及其变化情况，并运用手机信令数据分析人口总数、结构特征及其变动规律，进而将两者结合分析了疫情期间及前后两种药物的消费量变化特征.结果表明，疫情期间该市实际人口相对于疫情前下降了约45%，两种药物总消费量相对于疫情前下降了约75%.总消费量的显著下降很大程度是由疫情期间实际人口下降造成的.实际上，疫情期间该市甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮的人均消费水平相对于疫情前下降不到50%.考虑到疫情期间严格的管控措施，这一下降幅度说明这两种精神类药物滥用极其顽固；而疫情后两种药物的消费量及在环境中的浓度又基本恢复到疫情前的水平，进一步证明了精神类药物滥用的顽固性.

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	冯立洲
	陈自恩
	刘波
	张巍
	李喜青

关键词 ：药品和个人护理品, 新冠疫情, 药物滥用, 污水流行病学

Abstract：Wastewater-based epidemiology was applied to study the impact of the COVID-19 in 2020 on occurrence and consumption of methamphetamine and ketamine before, during, and after the outbreak in a city of Guangdong province. To estimate the total consumption during the outbreak, mobile data of the city was used to study the dynamics of the population in the towns and districts of the city. The concept of composite population was brought about for the first time and calculated to estimate total drug consumptions of each towns or districts. The population during the outbreak decreased by about 45% relative to before the outbreak. The total consumptions of the two drugs declined by about 75% during the outbreak relative to before the outbreak. However, the decrease to this extent rather implies the persistence of abuse of the two drugs, given the extremely strict control measures. The consumptions of the two drugs were found to decrease by approximately 50% relative to before the outbreak. The consumptions of the drugs rebounded to the level before the outbreak, further demonstrating the persistence of the abuse.

Key words： pharmaceuticals and personal care products COVID-19 drug abuse wastewater-based epidemiology

收稿日期: 2021-02-23

PACS:

X703

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41877508）

通讯作者: 李喜青,副教授,xli@pku.edu.urban.cn E-mail: xli@pku.edu.urban.cn

作者简介: 冯立洲(1971-),男,广东中山人,北京大学博士研究生,主要从事环境社会学方向的研究.发表论文5篇.

引用本文:

冯立洲, 陈自恩, 刘波, 张巍, 李喜青. 广东某市疫情期间污水中精神药物的分布特征和滥用评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(10): 4703-4711. FENG Li-zhou, CHEN Zi-en, LIU Bo, ZHANG Wei, LI Xi-qing. Evaluation of the occurrence of psychotropic drugs in urban sewage and the abuse during the COVID-19 epidemic period in a city of Guangdong. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(10): 4703-4711.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I10/4703

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