太湖竺山湾甲烷扩散通量及其驱动机制

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摘要选取竺山湾为研究区域, 同时选取受人为活动影响较小的湖心区作为对比区域, 基于2011年11月至2013年8月逐月连续观测, 探讨外源输入及富营养化对CH₄扩散通量的影响及其驱动机制.结果表明, 竺山湾水-气界面CH₄扩散通量显著(P<0.01)高于湖心区CH₄扩散通量, 其平均通量分别为(0.193±0.049)mmol/(m²·d)和(0.024±0.005)mmol/(m²·d).同时, 竺山湾湖区不同点位间CH₄扩散通量也表现出明显差异, 位于河流入湖口附近点位的CH₄扩散通量显著(P<0.01)偏高.逐月观测表明湖心区CH₄扩散通量具有明显的时间变化特征, 且与水温表现出显著正相关关系(R²=0.53, P<0.01), 但竺山湾无此结果.另外, 入湖河流CH₄溶存浓度与竺山湾CH₄溶存浓度及其扩散通量呈显著正相关关系(浓度: R²=0.75, P<0.05;通量: R²=0.64, P<0.05).考虑到入湖河流具有较高的CH₄溶存浓度和污染负荷, 河流外源输入可能弱化了竺山湾CH₄通量对温度的依赖性, 并导致富营养化的竺山湾是大气CH₄的“热点”排放源.

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关键词 ：富营养化湖区, CH₄扩散通量, 时间变化, 空间变化, 外源输入

Abstract：To identify the influence of input of pollutants and eutrophication on the temporal and spatial variations of the CH₄ diffusion flux, monthly field measurements of CH₄ flux was conducted in Zhushan Bay from November 2011 to August 2013. For comparison, the CH₄ flux in the Central Zone of the lake with less impact from human activities was also determined. Results showed that the CH₄ diffusion flux in Zhushan Bay with a mean value of (0.193±0.049) mmol/(m²·d) was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that ((0.024±0.005) mmol/(m²·d)) in the Central Zone. Meanwhile, the highest CH₄ flux occurred at the sampling site with river discharge in Zhushan Bay. Further, the CH₄ diffusion flux in the Central Zone showed apparent temporal variation, and the flux was positively correlated with water temperature (R²=0.53, P<0.01). However, the CH₄ flux showed a poor correlation with water temperature in Zhushan Bay (P>0.05).In addition, both the dissolved CH₄ concentration and CH₄ flux in Zhushan Bay were positively correlated with the dissolved CH₄ concentration in the inflowing river (concentration: R²=0.75, P<0.05; flux: R²=0.64, P<0.05). The results indicated that the external input of pollutants might weaken the effect of temperature on CH₄ flux in Zhushan Bay, leading to the eutrophic Zhushan Bay being a significant source of atmospheric CH₄.

Key words： eutrophic lake methane diffusion flux temporal variation spatial variation external input

收稿日期: 2021-05-26

PACS:

X52

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41801093);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所引进人才启动项目(NIGLAS2019QD007)

通讯作者: 肖启涛, 助理研究员, qtxiao@niglas.ac.cn;胡正华, 教授, zhhu@nuist.edu.cn E-mail: qtxiao@niglas.ac.cn;zhhu@nuist.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘臻婧(1997-), 女, 湖南娄底人, 南京信息工程大学硕士研究生, 主要从事湖泊温室气体循环及其控制机制研究.发表论文2篇

引用本文:

刘臻婧, 肖启涛, 胡正华, 张弥, 王伟, 肖薇. 太湖竺山湾甲烷扩散通量及其驱动机制[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(1): 393-401. LIU Zhen-jing, XIAO Qi-tao, HU Zheng-hua, ZHANG Mi, WANG Wei, XIAO Wei. Methane diffusion flux and its driving factors in Zhushan Bay of Lake Taihu. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(1): 393-401.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I1/393

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