2016年冬季寿县一次边界层低空急流对污染物扩散的影响

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摘要利用安徽寿县地区2016年12月16~17日的观测资料与模拟资料,分析了一次夜间边界层低空急流对PM_2.5扩散的影响.此过程中,急流分布范围广,强度大,最大风速可达10~12m/s,而且风向随高度有明显转向,高低层风向差可达90°.急流发展过程中,急流轴基本位于200m以下,急流的最小风速高度出现在400~800m之间.通过分析可知,对于不同高度,急流对污染物扩散的影响存在明显差异.地面至急流轴范围内,PM_2.5总体减少.急流的出现使湍流混合明显增强,在湍流作用下污染物向上混合,使该层PM_2.5显著减少,净质量通量的峰值可达-103×10^-3μg/(m²·s).急流的水平输送可带来上风方较为清洁气团,同样减少了该层的PM_2.5浓度.但与湍流作用相比其影响较小,净质量通量仅为-2.9×10^-3μg/(m²·s).急流存在时,还会加强向下的垂直风速,在垂直输送作用下,上层污染物向下输送,增加了该层PM_2.5浓度,净质量通量约为11×10^-3μg/(m²·s).急流轴至风向转变高度之间,PM_2.5总体增加.这是由于湍流作用将低层高浓度污染物输送至该层,使PM_2.5浓度增加,净质量通量约为23.9×10^-3μg/(m²·s);水平输送作用使该层PM_2.5浓度略有增加,净质量通量约为2.3×10^-3μg/(m²·s);而垂直输送作用带来了高处较为清洁的气团,减少了PM_2.5浓度,净质量通量约为-6.6×10^-3μg/(m²·s).风向转变高度至LLJ最小风速高度之间,PM_2.5总体增加.湍流作用仍占主导,净质量通量约为17.8×10^-3μg/(m²·s);垂直输送作用稍有贡献,净质量通量约为1.4×10^-3μg/(m²·s);而水平输送起减少作用,净质量通量约为-3.7×10^-3μg/(m²·s).

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关键词 ： PM_2.5扩散, 低空急流, 湍流、平流作用, 急流特征高度分层

Abstract：Based on the observation data and simulation data in Shouxian area of Anhui Province from December 16 to 17, 2016, the effect of a nocturnal boundary layer low-level jet on PM_2.5 diffusion has been analyzed. In this process, the low-level jet has a wide distribution range and high intensity, the maximum wind speed can reach 10~12m/s, the wind direction difference between high and low layers can reach 90℃ during the development of the low-level jet. In the process of the low-level jet development, the jet axis is basically below 200m, and the minimum wind speed height of the low-level jet appears between 400~800m. The analysis shows that there are obvious differences in the impact of the low-level jet on pollutant diffusion at different heights. From ground to the low-level jet axis, PM_2.5 overall decrease. The emergence of the low-level jet flow significantly enhances the turbulent mixing. Under the action of turbulence, the pollutants are mixed upward, making the layer PM_2.5 significant reduction. The peak value of net mass flux can reach -103×10^-3μg/(m²·s).The horizontal transportation of the low-level jet stream can bring cleaner air mass upwind, and also reduce PM_2.5 concentration in this layer. However, compared with turbulence, its effect is small, and the net mass flux is only -2.9×10^-3μg/(m²·s). When the low-level jet exists, the downward vertical wind speed will be strengthened. Under the action of vertical transportation, the pollutants in the upper layer will be transported downward, increasing the PM_2.5 concentration in this layer, the net mass flux is about 11×10^-3μg/(m²·s). Between the low-level jet axis and wind direction transition height, PM_2.5 overall increase. This is because the turbulence transports high concentration pollutants in the low layer to this layer, making PM_2.5 concentration increase. The net mass flux is about 23.9×10^-3μg/(m²·s). Horizontal transportation makes this layer PM_2.5 concentration increased slightly, and the net mass flux was about 2.3×10^-3μg/(m2·s).The vertical transportation brings clean air mass at high altitude and reduces PM_2.5 concentration, the net mass flux is about -6.6×10^-3μg/(m²·s). Between wind direction transition height and LLJ minimum wind speed height, PM_2.5 overall increase. Turbulence is still dominant, and the net mass flux is about 17.8×10^-3μg/(m²·s).The vertical transport has a slight contribution, and the net mass flux is about 1.4×10^-3μg/(m²·s). The horizontal transport plays a reducing role, and the net mass flux is about -3.7×10^-3μg/(m²·s).

Key words： PM_2.5 diffusion low-level jet turbulence and advection jet characteristics height stratification

收稿日期: 2021-12-15

PACS:

X513

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975011)

通讯作者: 王成刚,副教授,wcg@nuist.edu.cn E-mail: wcg@nuist.edu.cn

作者简介: 景翠雯(1998-),女,甘肃定西人,南京信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边界层气象学.

引用本文:

景翠雯, 王成刚, 冯妍. 2016年冬季寿县一次边界层低空急流对污染物扩散的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(7): 3013-3022. JING Cui-wen, WANG Cheng-gang, FENG Yan. Influence of a boundary layer low-level jet on pollutant diffusion in Shouxian, Anhui Province in winter 2016. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(7): 3013-3022.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I7/3013

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