Effects of emission reduction measures on the particle size distribution characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter: Based on the observations before and after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
ZHAO Gang1,2, ZHANG Ya-bin1, ZHAO Ming-sheng2, HAN Hui-xia2, LI Gang2, YANG Xiao-yang2, ZHAO Yu-xi2, CHU Yang-xi2, CHE Fei2, GAO Jian2, REN Li-hong1,2
1. School of Mine Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; 2. Atmospheric Environment Institute, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
Abstract：To investigate the distribution of particle number concentration (PNC) in Beijing during the 2022 Winter Olympic Games (WOG), particle size distributions ranging from 3 to 660nm were measured using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) from December 1, 2021 to March 28, 2022. By comparing the PNC with gaseous pollutants and meteorological parameters, the PNC and particle size distribution characteristics on new particle formation (NPF) days and non-NPF days before and after the WOG were analyzed. The results indicate that PNC decreased with the implementation of emission reduction measures. During the WOG period (February 1to February 20, 2022), the mean PNC, surface area concentration, and volume concentration of particulate matter decreased by approximately 4.0%~33.3%, 17.1%~41.1%, and 11.7%~41.2%, respectively, compared to other periods within the observation period. These reductions demonstrate the effects of local emission reduction measures and coordinated regional pollution control efforts during the WOG. On NPF days, the PNC in the accumulation mode during the Winter Olympics decreased by about 15.3%~25.1%, while ultrafine PNC increased from 12078cm-3in pre-WOG to 20600cm-3 in post-WOG, primarily influenced by favorable nucleation conditions such as high concentrations of O3 and gaseous sulfuric acid, high solar radiation intensity, low NO2 concentrations, and condensation sinks. On non-NPF days, the PNC decreased by 4.4%~5.5% during the emission limitation period, which may be due to the reduction of primary emissions. The PNC showed a bimodal distribution, with the main peak particle sizes in the range of 3~25and 60~150nm on NPF and non-NPF days, respectively. On non-NPF days, PNC in the 10~35 and 50~150nm particle sizes during the WOG decreased by 17.4%~29.0% and 12.0%~24.2%, respectively, which were associated with the reduction of traffic emissions. During the morning and evening traffic peaks (07:00~09:00 and 18:00~22:00) on both NPF and non-NPF days, the PNC decreased, and the decrease in ultrafine PNC on non-NPF days was greater during these periods than during other times, indicating that the reduction in traffic emissions effectively reduced atmospheric PNC.
赵刚, 张亚宾, 赵明升, 韩慧霞, 李刚, 杨小阳, 赵妤希, 褚旸晰, 车飞, 高健, 任丽红. 减排措施对大气颗粒物粒径分布特征的影响——基于2022年北京冬奥会前后的观测[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(6): 2744-2754.
ZHAO Gang, ZHANG Ya-bin, ZHAO Ming-sheng, HAN Hui-xia, LI Gang, YANG Xiao-yang, ZHAO Yu-xi, CHU Yang-xi, CHE Fei, GAO Jian, REN Li-hong. Effects of emission reduction measures on the particle size distribution characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter: Based on the observations before and after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 2744-2754.
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