Effect of flow velocity on methane and sulfide formation in sewage pipes
LIU Wei1, SHI Xuan2, XU Dong-wei1, JIN Xin2, JING Peng-kang2
1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an Unversity of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; 2. School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Abstract：To explore the effects of velocity variation on methane and sulfide generation in urban sewage pipes, the distribution characteristics of the flora and functional genes of methanogens (MA) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were investigated by controlling the flow velocity of sewage pipes in the pilot system. The results showed that methane and sulfide were mainly distributed in solid sediment interstitial water and liquid sewage, which were transferred to the liquid phase and the gas phase with the velocity was increased from 0.1m/s to 0.7m/s. Macroeconomic sequencing of the microorganisms in the pipeline showed that the relative abundance of MA microflora increased by 1.24% and the relative abundance of SRB reduced by 0.4%. In the detection of critical enzymes and genes of methane metabolism and sulfur metabolism pathways, it was found that the relative abundance of critical enzymes and genes in the methane metabolism pathway was higher at 0.7m/s and that of critical enzymes and genes in the sulfur metabolism pathway was higher at low flow velocities.
刘伟, 石烜, 徐栋伟, 金鑫, 金鹏康. 流速对污水管道中甲烷与硫化物生成的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(6): 2938-2947.
LIU Wei, SHI Xuan, XU Dong-wei, JIN Xin, JING Peng-kang. Effect of flow velocity on methane and sulfide formation in sewage pipes. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 2938-2947.
Sun J, Hu S, Sharma K R, et al. Stratified microbial structure and activity in sulfide-and methane-producing anaerobic sewer biofilms[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2014,80(22):7042-7052.
[2]
Auguet O, Pijuan M, Guasch-Balcells H, et al. Implications of Downstream Nitrate Dosage in anaerobic sewers to control sulfide and methane emissions[J]. Water Research, 2015,68:522-532.
[3]
Liu Y, Sharma K R, Ni B-J, et al. Effects of nitrate dosing on sulfidogenic and methanogenic activities in sewer sediment[J]. Water Research, 2015,74:155-165.
[4]
Liu Y W, Ni B J, Ganigue R, et al. Sulfide and methane production in sewer sediments[J]. Water Research, 2015,70:350-359.
[5]
Chen H, Wang Z, Liu H, et al. Variable sediment methane production in response to different source-associated sewer sediment types and hydrological patterns:Role of the sediment microbiome[J]. Water Research, 2021,190.
[6]
Li W, Zheng T, Ma Y, et al. Influences of flow conditions on bacterial communities in sewage and greywater small diameter gravity sewer biofilms[J]. Environmental Research, 2020,183:109289.
[7]
Rochex A, Godon J J, Bernet N, et al. Role of shear stress on composition, diversity and dynamics of biofilm bacterial communities[J]. Water research, 2008,42(20):4915-22.
[8]
Li W, Zheng T, Ma Y, et al. Current status and future prospects of sewer biofilms:Their structure, influencing factors, and substance transformations[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,695.
[9]
石 烜,田嘉盟,任 博,等.流态变化对污水管网沉积污染物分布及转化的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(7):3275-3282. Shi X, Tian J M, Ren B, et al. Influence of flow regime changes on the distribution and transformation of sediment pollutants in sewer system[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(7):3275-3282.
[10]
Ahyerre M, Chebbo G, Saad M. Sources and erosion of organic solids in a combined sewer[J]. Urban Water, 2000,2(4):305-315.
[11]
Banasiak R, Verhoeven R, De Sutter R, et al. The erosion behaviour of biologically active sewer sediment deposits:observations from a laboratory study[J]. Water research, 2005,39(20):5221-31.
[12]
刘素美,张 经.沉积物间隙水的几种制备方法[J]. 海洋环境科学, 1999,18(2):66-71. Liu S M, Zhang J, et al. Several preparation methods of sediment interstitial water[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 1999,18(2):61-71.
[13]
黎柳月,陈余道,吴圣华,等.快速检测水样中甲烷含量的气相色谱法[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2018,41(11):143-148. Li L Y, Chen Y D, Wu S H, et al. A rapid gas chromatography method for determination of methane in water sample[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018,41(11):143-148.
[14]
CJ/T 51-2018 城镇污水水质检验方法标准[S]. CJ/T 51-2018 Examination methods for municipal sewage[S].
[15]
赵祖斌,梁 劲,程思海,等.沉积物间隙水中硫酸盐与甲烷相互关系的研究进展[J]. 海洋科学, 2001,25(9):24-26. Zhao Z B, Liang J, Cheng S H, et al. Pore-water sulfate gradiente in sediments:implication for upward methane flux and underlying gas hydrate[J]. Marine Sciences, 2001,25(9):24-26.
[16]
Shi X, Ngo H H, Sang L, et al. Functional evaluation of pollutant transformation in sediment from combined sewer system[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018,238:85-93.
[17]
Ai H, Xu J, Huang W, et al. Mechanism and kinetics of biofilm growth process influenced by shear stress in sewers[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2016,73(7):1572-1582.
[18]
Liu Y, Ni B J, Sharma K R, et al. Methane emission from sewers[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015,524:40-51.
[19]
艾海男,王银亮,黄 维,等.不同水力条件下排水管道生物膜中氮元素分布特性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(10):2991-2995. Ai H N, Wang Y L, Huang W, et al. The distribution characteristics of nitrogen element in sewer biofilm under different hydraulic conditions[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(10):2991-2995.
[20]
Toledo M, Gutierrez M C, Siles J A, et al. Chemometric analysis and NIR spectroscopy to evaluate odorous impact during the composting of different raw materials[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 167:154-162.
[21]
Wu J, Zhao Y, Qi H, et al. Identifying the key factors that affect the formation of humic substance during different materials composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017,244:1193-1196.
[22]
Antonio Lopez-Gonzalez J, Del Carmen Vargas-Garcia M, Jose Lopez M, et al. Biodiversity and succession of mycobiota associated to agricultural lignocellulosic waste-based composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,187:305-313.
[23]
Wei H, Wang L, Hassan M, et al. Succession of the functional microbial communities and the metabolic functions in maize straw composting process[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,256:333-341.
[24]
Celmer D, Oleszkiewicz J A, Cicek N. Impact of shear force on the biofilm structure and performance of a membrane biofilm reactor for tertiary hydrogen-driven denitrification of municipal wastewater[J]. Water Research, 2008,42(12):3057-3065.
[25]
Shi X, Gao G, Tian J, et al. Symbiosis of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea in sewer systems[J]. Environment International, 2020,143.
[26]
Kobayashi K, Morisawa Y, Ishituka T, et al. Biochemical studies on sulfate-reducing bacteria. XIV. Enzyme levels of adenylylsulfate reductase, inorganic pyrophosphatase, sulfite reductase, hydrogenase, and adenosine triphosphatase in cells grown on sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate[J]. Journal of biochemistry, 1975,78(5):1079-85.
[27]
Xu J W L M Z, He Q, et al. Effect of flow rate on growth and oxygen consumption, diversity and dynamics of bacterial communities[J]. Environmental Science and Polluntion Research, 2017,24(1):427-435.
[28]
王洪臣,汪俊妍,刘秀红,等.排水管道中硫酸盐还原菌与产甲烷菌的竞争与调控[J]. 环境工程学报, 2018,12(7):1853-1864. Wang H C, Wang J Y, Liu X H, et al. Competition and regulation of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea in sewers[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018,12(7):1853-1864.
