摘要 Char-based materials can play a key role in soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and can also be used as immobilized carriers of functional microorganisms. However, at present, relevant studies merely focus on a single direction of decontamination or carbon sequestration, lacking a systematic understanding of the synergistic effects of char-based materials. To comprehensively understand the role of char-based materials in environmental control, this review systematically summarized the recent research progress on the char-based materials used for microorganism-immobilization including biochar, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and carbon-based nanomaterials. The efficiencies and mechanisms of carbon-based materials in soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction were elucidated, and the effects and mechanisms of char-based materials-immobilized microorganisms on emerging contaminant decontamination in soil were also clarified. This review also pointed out the future studies including synergistical effects on the carbon sequestration and decontamination of char-based immobilized microorganisms, efficiency improvement of char-based materials, innovation of microbial-consortium immobilization methods, and industrial application of immobilized technology, which will provide some insights for the application of char-based materials to synergistically achieve the goal of “carbon fixation and pollution elimination” in contaminated soils.
Abstract：Char-based materials can play a key role in soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and can also be used as immobilized carriers of functional microorganisms. However, at present, relevant studies merely focus on a single direction of decontamination or carbon sequestration, lacking a systematic understanding of the synergistic effects of char-based materials. To comprehensively understand the role of char-based materials in environmental control, this review systematically summarized the recent research progress on the char-based materials used for microorganism-immobilization including biochar, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and carbon-based nanomaterials. The efficiencies and mechanisms of carbon-based materials in soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction were elucidated, and the effects and mechanisms of char-based materials-immobilized microorganisms on emerging contaminant decontamination in soil were also clarified. This review also pointed out the future studies including synergistical effects on the carbon sequestration and decontamination of char-based immobilized microorganisms, efficiency improvement of char-based materials, innovation of microbial-consortium immobilization methods, and industrial application of immobilized technology, which will provide some insights for the application of char-based materials to synergistically achieve the goal of “carbon fixation and pollution elimination” in contaminated soils.
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