Abstract：This study investigates the adsorption and removal effects of powdered activated carbon on extracellular organic matters (EOM) from Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) at different growth phases and explores the removal efficiencies and adsorption mechanisms of characteristic organic components in EOM. The results indicated that the synergistic removal efficiency of organic components in M. aeruginosa EOM by powdered activated carbon was relatively low, ranging from 18.07% to 34.85%. Significant differences in adsorption efficiency were observed among different substance components, with the order of removal efficiency being microcystins>humic acids>proteins>polysaccharides. Each substance component exhibited varying proportions of easily adsorbable structures at different growth phases, leading to differences in adsorption capacity across phases. Easily adsorbable structures in polysaccharides were primarily released during the logarithmic phase, while those in proteins were predominantly secreted during the stable phase. Easily adsorbable structures in microcystins were predominantly secreted during the stable and decay phases, while the proportion of humic acid structure types showed no significant differences across phases. The adsorption process of activated carbon on M. aeruginosa EOM followed the principle of molecular-scale selective adsorption, primarily targeting low- and medium- molecular-weight substances, while exhibiting extremely poor adsorption performance for high- molecular-weight substances. This is a key factor contributing to the low removal efficiency of activated carbon for algal pollutants. This study provides significant scientific insights for the effective prevention and control of algal pollutants throughout the entire lifecycle of cyanobacterial blooms.
[1] Pivokonsky M, Kopecka I, Cermakova L, et al. Current knowledge in the field of algal organic matter adsorption onto activated carbon in drinking water treatment[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 799(5):149455. [2] 马健荣,邓建明,秦伯强,等.湖泊蓝藻水华发生机理研究进展[J].生态学报, 2013,33(10):3020-3030. Ma J R, Deng J M, Qin B Q, et al. Progress and prospects on cyanobacteria bloom-forming mechanism in lakes.[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013,33(10):3020-3030. [3] 蔡琳琳,朱广伟,刘俊伟,等.滨岸带水华堆积与消散特征及其营养盐效应[J].中国环境科学, 2018,38(8):3087-3093. Cai L L, Zhu G W, Liu J W, et al. Characteristics and effects on nutrients of algal blooms accumulation and dissipation in littoral zone[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(8):3087-3093. [4] Zheng X, Wang M, Liu X, et al. Revealing assembly mechanisms of algal communities in aquatic microniches:Shifts in diversity patterns, microbial interactions and stability along nutrient gradients[J]. Environmental Research, 2024,262(1):119798. [5] Henderson R K, Baker A, Parsons S A, et al. Characterisation of algogenic organic matter extracted from cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms[J]. Water Research, 2008,42(13):3435-3445. [6] 孙凤,俞鸿飞,胥辰卉,等.蓝藻胞外聚合物对供水管网水质的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(12):5343-5351. Sun F, Yu H F, Xu C H, et al. Influence of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances on the water quality in water supply distribution system[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(12):5343-5351. [7] Leppard G G. Colloidal organic fibrils of acid polysaccharides in surface waters:electron-optical characteristics, activities and chemical estimates of abundance[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 1997,120(1-3):1-15. [8] Sun F, Zhang H, Qian A, et al. The influence of extracellular polymeric substances on the coagulation process of cyanobacteria[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020,720:137573. [9] Codd G A. Cyanobacterial toxins, the perception of water quality, and the prioritisation of eutrophication control[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2000,16(1):51-60. [10] Zhou S, Shao Y, Gao N, et al. Characterization of algal organic matters of Microcystis aeruginosa:Biodegradability, DBP formation and membrane fouling potential[J]. Water Research, 2014,52:199-207. [11] Pressman J G, Richardson S D, Speth T F, et al. Concentration, chlorination, and chemical analysis of drinking water for disinfection byproduct mixtures health effects research:U.S. EPA's Four Lab Study[J]. Environmental Science& Technology, 2010,44(19):7184-7192. [12] Zhang J, Mao F, Loh K C, et al. Evaluating the effects of activated carbon on methane generation and the fate of antibiotic resistant genes and class I integrons during anaerobic digestion of solid organic wastes[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,249:729-736. [13] Moreno-Castilla C. Adsorption of organic molecule from aqueous solution on carbon materials.[J]. Carbon, 2004,42(1):83-94. [14] 鲍任兵,邹磊,张怀宇,等.城市供水系统应急设计研究及案例应用[J].给水排水, 2020,56(5):105-111. Bao R B, Zou L, Zhang H Y, et al. Study and application on emergency design of urban water supply system[J]. Water& Wastewater Engineering, 2020,56(5):105-111. [15] 聂莉,董秉直.不同相对分子质量的有机物对膜通量的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2009,29(10):1086-1092. Nie L, Dong B Z. Influence of different molecular weight of nature organic matter on membrane flux[J]. China Environmental Science, 2009,29(10):1086-1092. [16] Park K Y, Yu Y J, Yun S J, et al. Natural organic matter removal from algal-rich water and disinfection by-products formation potential reduction by powdered activated carbon adsorption[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019,235:310-318. [17] 王彩虹,闫新秀,王瑾丰,等.在线混凝改善粉末活性炭-超滤工艺效能研究[J].水处理技术, 2016,42(6):81-85. Wang C H, Yan X X, Wang J F, et al. The effect of inline coagu-flocculation on the performance of PAC-UF process[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2016,42(6):81-85. [18] 黄莹莹,陈雪初,孔海南,等.曝气对遮光条件下藻类消亡的影响[J].环境污染与防治, 2008,30(10):44-47. Huang Y Y, Chen X C, Kong H N, et al. The effect on algae decay by aeration under light-shading condition[J]. Environmental Pollution& Control, 2008,30(10):44-47. [19] Sun F, Ye S, Xu C H, et al. Component structure and characteristic analysis of cyanobacterial organic matters[J]. Water Science& Technology, 2022,85(3):789-798. [20] 古励,郭显强,丁昌龙,等.藻源型溶解性有机氮的产生及不同时期藻类有机物的特性[J].中国环境科学, 2015,35(9):2745-2753. Gu L, Guo X Q, Ding C L, et al. Formation of algae-derived DON and characterization of algae organic matter (AOM) from different stages[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(9):2745-2753. [21] 赵冉冉,陈国炜.模拟胞外聚合物对单细胞藻类聚集行为的影响[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2018,41(11):1531-1536. Zhao R R, Chen G W. Simulation of the effect of EPS on aggregation behavior of single-celled microalgae[J]. Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science), 2018,41(11):1531-1536. [22] 刘成,黄廷林,赵建伟.混凝、粉末活性炭吸附对不同分子量有机物的去除[J].净水技术, 2006,25(1):31-33. Liu C, Huang T L, Zhao J W. Removal effect of organic matters of different MW during the process of coagulation and adsorption of powdered activated carbon (PAC)[J]. Water Purification Technology, 2006,25(1):31-33. [23] Yamamura H, Kimura K, Watanabe Y. Mechanism involved in the evolution of physically irreversible fouling in microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes used for drinking water treatment[J]. Environmental Science& Technology, 2007,41(19):6789-6794. [24] Hidayah E N, Cahyonugroho O H, Sulistyo E N, et al. Using molecular weight-based fluorescent detector to characterize dissolved effluent organic matter in oxidation ditch with algae[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2022,29(44):67418-67429. [25] 闫海,潘纲,张明明.微囊藻毒素研究进展[J].生态学报, 2002, 22(11):1968-1975. Yan H, Pan G, Zhang M M. Advances in the study of microcystion toxin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2002,22(11):1968-1975.
