不同降雨强度下管道沉积物的动态运移及水质转化特征

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摘要排水管道中沉积物的冲刷是溢流污染的关键因素.通过结合降雨强度变化、分层抗冲刷特性和污染物动态运移,构建了动态输运模型,用以评估不同降雨强度下沉积物分层冲刷及其对水质转化的影响.结果表明,不同降雨强度下沉积物的冲刷效果存在显著差异.小雨时,冲刷速率为6.04m³/h,主要清除表层沉积物.中、大雨条件下的水流剪切力显著提升,大雨时,管道流量达到71.08m³/h,可冲起底层大颗粒沉积物.不同降雨强度下的“初期效应”明显,降雨初期污染物浓度迅速达到峰值.大雨时,硫酸盐(SO₄^2-)浓度在1min内迅速地升至17.89mg/L,随后稳定在8.95mg/L,总化学需氧量(TCOD)则快速上升至2106.3mg/L,最终稳定于1056.6mg/L.小雨时,SO₄^2-和TCOD的峰值分别仅为10.29和1100.60mg/L,同样在初期迅速达到峰值后逐渐趋于稳定.

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	张劲
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	宋吉娜

关键词 ：污水管网, 管道沉积物, 降雨强度, 冲刷运移, 污染物模型

Abstract：The scouring of sediment deposits in sewer system constitutes a critical factor in overflow pollution. By integrating rainfall intensity variations, stratified anti-scouring characteristics, and dynamic pollutant transport, a dynamic transport model was developed to evaluate stratified sediment scouring under different rainfall intensities and its impact on water quality transformation. Experimental results demonstrate significant disparities in sediment scouring efficacy across varying rainfall intensities. Under light rainfall conditions, the scouring rate measured 6.04m³/h, primarily removing superficial sediment layers. Moderate and heavy rainfall events induced substantial enhancement of flow shear forces, with pipe discharge reaching 71.08m³/h during intense precipitation, capable of mobilising larger particles from underlying sediment strata. A pronounced "initial phase effect" was observed across all rainfall intensities, characterised by rapid pollutant concentration peaking during precipitation onset. Under heavy rainfall, sulphate concentrations surged to 17.89mg/L within 1min before stabilising at 8.95mg/L, while Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD) exhibited a swift ascent to 2106.3mg/L followed by stabilisation at 1056.6mg/L. In contrast, light rainfall conditions yielded markedly lower peak values of 10.29mg/L for SO₄^2- and 1100.60mg/L for TCOD, though similarly demonstrating rapid initial concentration escalation followed by gradual stabilisation.

Key words： sewer systems pipeline sediments rainfall intensity scouring transport pollutant model

收稿日期: 2024-09-06

PACS:

X52

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52200117); 中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M722527); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(xzy012022079); 陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目资助(20JK0730); 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07313001)

作者简介: 张劲(1999-),男,河北石家庄人,河北工程大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为管道沉积物溢流.1339946033@qq.com.

引用本文:

张劲, 石烜, 陈晓晴, 韩剑霜, 金鹏康, 宋吉娜. 不同降雨强度下管道沉积物的动态运移及水质转化特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(5): 2503-2512. ZHANG Jin, SHI Xuan, CHEN Xiao-qing, HAN Jian-shuang, JIN Peng-kang, SONG Ji-na. Dynamic transport of sewer sediments and water quality transformation characteristics under different rainfall intensities. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(5): 2503-2512.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I5/2503

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