固城湖退圩还湖区沉积物重金属特征及生态风险评价

贾冰婵; 张鸣; 武娟; 谷孝鸿; 袁和忠; 訾鑫源; 李一凡; 曾庆飞

PDF(1085 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10) : 4741-4751.

环境生态

固城湖退圩还湖区沉积物重金属特征及生态风险评价

贾冰婵^1,2, 张鸣³, 武娟³, 谷孝鸿¹, 袁和忠², 訾鑫源¹, 李一凡¹, 曾庆飞¹

作者信息 +

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Guchenghu Lake and its retreating and returning lake area

JIA Bing-chan^1,2, ZHANG Ming³, WU Juan³, GU Xiao-hong¹, YUAN He-zhong², ZI Xin-yuan¹, LI Yi-fan¹, ZENG Qing-fei¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为探讨退圩还湖对固城湖表层沉积物重金属污染特征、空间分布和生态风险的影响，对退圩区和湖区表层沉积物重金属（Fe、Mn、As、Zn、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Cd和Pb）含量进行对比分析，采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价沉积物重金属污染现状和潜在生态风险程度，利用相关性和聚类分析法解析重金属主要污染物的潜在来源.结果表明，退圩区沉积物重金属中Cd （0.21mg/kg）和湖区沉积物重金属中Cd （0.56mg/kg）和Zn （145.33mg/kg）和Pb （41.17mg/kg）含量的平均值分别达到江苏省土壤背景值的2.45、6.55、2.24和1.87倍.湖区表层沉积物重金属Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb含量显著高于退圩区.地累积指数法评价显示退圩区中Cd为轻度污染；湖区中Cd为中度污染，Zn、As、Cu和Pb为轻度污染.潜在生态风险指数表明，湖区表层沉积物生态风险高于退圩区；Cd是湖区与退圩区最主要的生态风险贡献因子，可能与水产养殖活动以及工业废水排放有关.固城湖退圩还湖对于降低固城湖重金属生态风险有着积极作用.

Abstract

In order to explore the impact of returning from the polder to the lake on the pollution characteristics, spatial distribution and ecological risks of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Guchenghu Lake, the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, As, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb) contents were compared and analyzed, using the geo-accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk index method to evaluate the status of heavy metal pollution in sediments and the degree of potential ecological risk, using correlation and cluster analysis to analyze the potential sources of major heavy metal pollutants. The mean values of Cd (0.21mg/kg) in sediments of polders and Cd (0.56mg/kg), Zn (145.33mg/kg) and Pb (41.17mg/kg) in sediments of lakes were 2.45, 6.55, 2.24 and 1.87 times the background value of Jiangsu Province soil, respectively. The contents of heavy metals Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb in the surface sediments of the lake area were significantly higher than those of the retreating polder area. The evaluation by geoaccumulation index method showed that Cd in the retreat area was slightly polluted; Cd in the lake area was moderately polluted, and Zn, As, Cu, Pb were mildly polluted. The potential ecological risk index showed that the ecological risk of surface sediments in the lake area was higher than that in the retreat area; Cd was the most important contributor to ecological risk in the lake area and the retreat area, which may come from aquaculture activities and industrial wastewater discharge. The return polder land to Guchenghu lake plays a positive role in reducing the ecological risk of heavy metals in Guchenghu Lake.

导出引用

贾冰婵, 张鸣, 武娟, 谷孝鸿, 袁和忠, 訾鑫源, 李一凡, 曾庆飞. 固城湖退圩还湖区沉积物重金属特征及生态风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学. 2022, 42(10): 4741-4751

JIA Bing-chan, ZHANG Ming, WU Juan, GU Xiao-hong, YUAN He-zhong, ZI Xin-yuan, LI Yi-fan, ZENG Qing-fei. Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Guchenghu Lake and its retreating and returning lake area[J]. China Environmental Science. 2022, 42(10): 4741-4751

中图分类号： X524

参考文献

[1] 王俊,王轶虹,高士佩,等.退圩还湖工程实施方案及其对湖泊环境影响分析[J].人民长江, 2020,51(1):44-49.Wang J, Wang Y H, Gao S P, et al.The implementation plan of the retreat to the lake project and the analysis of its impact on the lake environment[J].People's Yangtze River, 2020,51(1):44-49.
[2] Yuan H, Jia B, Wu J, et al.How do inundation provoke the release of phosphorus in soil-originated sediment due to nitrogen reduction after reclaiming lake from polder[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2022,118:147-157.
[3] 訾鑫源,张鸣,谷孝鸿,等.洪泽湖围栏养殖对表层沉积物重金属含量影响与生态风险评价[J].环境科学, 2021,42(11):1-14.Zi X Y, Zhang M, Gu X H, et al.The impact of fence culture in Hongze Lake on the content of heavy metals in surface sediments and ecological risk assessment[J].Environmental Science, 2021,42(11):1-14.
[4] Sutherland T F, Petersen S A, Levings C D, et al.Distinguishing between natural and aquaculture-derived sediment concentrations of heavy metals in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia[J].Marine pollution bulletin, 2007,54(9):1451-1460.
[5] 曹丽,兴化市典型蟹塘养殖生长周期的污染特征研究[D].扬州:扬州大学, 2021.Cao L, Research on pollution characteristics of typical crab pond culture growth cycle in Xinghua City[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University, 2021.
[6] 中国科学与南京地理与湖泊研究所.湖泊调查报告[M].北京:科学出版社, 2019:429-431.Chinese science and nanjing institute of geography and limnology.lake survey report[M].Beijing:Science Press, 2019:429-431.
[7] Muller G.Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].Geojournal, 1969,2:108-118.
[8] Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.A sedimentological approach[J].Water Research, 1980,14(8):975-1001.
[9] 廖启林,刘聪,许艳,等.江苏省土壤元素地球化学基准值[J].中国地质, 2011,38(5):1363-1378.Liao Q L, Liu C, Xu Y, et al.Geochemical benchmark values of soil elements in Jiangsu Province[J].Geology in China, 2011,38(5):1363-1378.
[10] 曹人升,范明毅,黄先飞,等.金沙燃煤电厂周围土壤有机质与重金属分析[J].环境化学, 2017,36(2):397-407.Cao R S, Fan M Y, Huang X F, et al.Analysis of soil organic matter and heavy metals around jinsha coal-fired power plant[J].Environmental chemistry, 2017,36(2):397-407.
[11] 高淳统计局.高淳统计年鉴[R].南京:高淳统计局, 2020.Gaochun bureau of statistics.Gaochun statistical yearbook[R].Nanjing:Gaochun Bureau of Statistics, 2020.
[12] 陈乾坤,刘涛,胡志新,等.江苏省西部湖泊表层沉积物中重金属分布特征及其潜在生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报, 2013,32(5):1044-1050.Chen Q K, Liu T, Hu Z X, et al.Distribution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of lakes in western Jiangsu Province[J].Journal of Agro-Environmental Sciences, 2013,32(5):1044-1050.
[13] Jin G, Fang W, Shafi M, et al.Source apportionment of heavy metals in farmland soil with application of APCS-MLR model:a pilot study for restoration of farmland in Shaoxing City Zhejiang, China[J].Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2019,184:109495.
[14] Wang S, Wang W, Chen J, et al.Geochemical baseline establishment and pollution source determination of heavy metals in lake sediments:a case study in Lihu Lake, China[J].Science of the Total Environment, 2019,657:978-986.
[15] 谷先坤,谷孝鸿,曾庆飞,等.固城湖及其出入湖河道水质时空分布差异与历年变化趋势分析[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2016,32(1):68-75.Gu X K, Gu X H, Zeng Q F, et al.Spatial and temporal distribution differences of water quality of Gucheng Lake and its channels in and out of the lake and analysis of changes over the years[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016,32(1):68-75.
[16] 李晋鹏,成登苗,赵爱东,等.澜沧江梯级水坝库区沉积物重金属和营养盐污染特征及评价[J].环境科学学报, 2019,39(8):2791-2799.Li J P, Cheng D M, Zhao A D, et al.Characteristics and evaluation of heavy metal and nutrient pollution of sediments in the reservoir area of Lancang River terrace dam[J].Journal of Environmental Science, 2019,39(8):2791-2799.
[17] 王妙,王胜,唐鹊辉,等.粤西三座重要供水水库沉积物营养盐负荷与重金属污染特征[J].生态环境学报, 2014,23(5):834-841.Wang M, Wang S, Tang Q H, et al.Characteristics of nutrient load and heavy metal pollution in sediments of three important water supply reservoirs in western Guangdong[J].Journal of Ecological Environment, 2014,23(5):834-841.
[18] 江涛,林伟稳,曹英杰,等.梅江流域清凉山水库沉积物重金属污染、生态风险评价及来源解析[J].环境科学, 2020,41(12):5410-5418.Jiang T, Lin W W, Cao Y J, et al.Heavy metal pollution, ecological risk assessment and source analysis of sediments in Qingliangshan Reservoir in Meijiang River Basin[J].Environmental Science, 2020, 41(12):5410-5418.
[19] 夏建东,龙锦云,高亚萍,等.巢湖沉积物重金属污染生态风险评价及来源解析[J].地球与环境, 2020,48(2):220-227.Xia J D, Long J Y, Gao Y P, et al.Ecological risk assessment and source analysis of heavy metal pollution in sediments of Chaohu Lake[J].Earth and Environment, 2020,48(2):220-227.
[20] 任杰,白莉,李军,等.太湖表层沉积物重金属污染评价与来源分析[J].地球与环境, 2021,49(4):416-427.Ren J, Bai L, Li J, et al.Evaluation and source analysis of heavy metal pollution in the surface sediments of Taihu Lake[J].Earth and Environment.2021,49(4):416-427.
[21] 牛静远,刘文彬.典型蟹塘底泥中金属分析与重金属污染评价[J].环境保护科学, 2019,45(3):115-121.Niu J Y, Liu W B.Analysis of metals in bottom mud of typical crab ponds and evaluation of heavy metal pollution[J].Environmental Protection Science, 2019,45(3):115-121.
[22] 卢欣.闽东近海水产养殖区表层沉积物重金属元素分布特征及来源解析[D].福州:福建师范大学, 2020:47-59.Lu X.Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metal elements in surface sediments of offshore aquaculture areas in eastern Fujian[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University, 2020:47-59.
[23] Farmaki E G, Thomaidis N S, Pasias I N, et al.Environmental impact of intensive aquaculture:investigation on the accumulation of metals and nutrients in marine sediments of Greece[J].Science of the Total Environment, 2014,485:554-562.
[24] 施沁璇,赵汉取,王俊,等.湖州市养殖池塘表层沉积物重金属风险评价及其来源分析[J].淡水渔业, 2015,45(6):80-84.Shi Q X, Zhao H Q, Wang J, et al.Risk assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments of culture ponds in Huzhou City[J].Freshwater Fisheries, 2015,45(6):80-84.
[25] 刘梅,原居林,倪蒙,等.植物对淡水养殖池塘底泥重金属Cu污染的修复研究[J].淡水渔业, 2019,49(3):83-89.Liu M, Yuan J L, Ni M, et al.Remediation of heavy metal Cu pollution in the bottom mud of freshwater aquaculture ponds by plants[J].Freshwater Fisheries, 2019,49(3):83-89.
[26] 郭西亚,高敏,张杰,等.阳澄湖沉积物重金属空间分布及生物毒害特征[J].中国环境科学, 2019,39(2):802-811.Guo X Y, Gao M, Zhang J, et al.Spatial distribution and biological toxicity characteristics of heavy metals in sediments of Yangcheng Lake[J].China Environmental Science, 2019,39(2):802-811.
[27] Li H Q, Li H, Zhou X Y, et al.Distinct patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities in paddy soil during wetting-drying cycles[J].Science of The Total Environment, 2021,785:147298.
[28] McManus J, Berelson W M, Severmann S, et al.Molybdenum and uranium geochemistry in continental margin sediments:paleoproxy potential[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica acta, 2006,70(18):4643-4662.
[29] 王宇彤.沉积物中重金属迁移释放规律研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学, 2021.Wang Y T.Study on migration and release of heavy metals in sediments[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology, 2021.
[30] 孙花,谭长银,黄道友,等.土壤有机质对土壤重金属积累、有效性及形态的影响[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报, 2011,34(4):82-87.Sun H, Tan C Y, Huang D Y, et al.Effects of soil organic matter on soil heavy metal accumulation, availability and speciation[J].Journal of natural science of hunan normal university, 2011,34(4):82-87.
[31] 陈辉.地下水-地表水相互作用带中水化学因素对砷迁移转化的影响研究[D].桂林:桂林理工大学, 2020.Chen H.Study on the influence of hydrochemical factors on the migration and transformation of arsenic in the groundwater-surface water interaction zone[D].Guilin:Guilin University of Technology, 2020.
[32] 华祖林,王摇苑.水动力作用下河湖沉积物污染物释放研究进展.河海大学学报:自然科学版[J].2018,46(2):95-105.Hua Z L, Wang S Y.Research progress on the release of pollutants from river and lake sediments under hydrodynamic action.Journal of Hohai University:Natural Science Edition[J].2018,46(2):95-105.
[33] 柳肖竹,刘群群,王文静,等.水力扰动对河口沉积物中重金属再释放的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2020,36(11):1460-1467.Liu X Z, Liu Q Q, Wang W J,et al.Effect of hydraulic disturbance on heavy metal re release from estuary sediments[J].Journal of ecology and rural environment, 2020,36(11):1460-1467.
[34] 尤佳艺,逄勇,孙娇娇.退圩还湖对固城湖水环境改善影响研究[J].四川环境, 2020,39(1):74-80.You J Y, Pang Y, Sun J J.Study on the effect of returning to the lake to improve the water environment of Guchenghu Lake[J].Sichuan Environment, 2020,39(1):74-80.