北京市典型区域大气亚微米颗粒物理化特性及其来源

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摘要本研究采用Aerodyne气溶胶化学组成在线监测质谱仪ACSM，于2019年春季、夏季后期、秋季和冬季典型代表月对北京市东南城区非难熔亚微米颗粒物NR-PM₁进行了实时监测与分析，研究了NR-PM₁及其物种在不同时段，特别是霾污染期间的演变特征，以及4个季节有机物的来源.结果表明，整个研究期间NR-PM₁的平均浓度为22.06μg/m³，其季节变化呈现出春季>冬季>秋季>夏季后期的特征.整个研究期间，Org （有机物）的平均浓度为7.12μg/m³，占NR-PM₁的32.30%；NO₃^-和SO₄^2-的平均浓度分别为5.91和6.20μg/m³，分别占NR-PM₁的26.80%和28.12%；而NH₄⁺和Cl^-的平均质量浓度和质量百分数均较低.所有物种呈现出Org> SO₄^2-~NO₃^-> NH₄⁺>Cl^-的特征.清洁天NR-PM₁以Org为主要特征，各季节所有物种的日变化均较小，而霾污染天NR-PM₁以二次无机物种为主要特征，不同季节各物种表现出不同的日变化特征.OA （有机气溶胶）在不同季节解析出的物种有所不同.一次有机气溶胶POA对OA的贡献随春夏秋冬逐渐升高，而二次有机气溶胶SOA则随之逐渐降低.

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关键词 ： ACSM, NR-PM₁, 有机气溶胶, 二次无机组分, 来源

Abstract：An Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor ACSM was deployed to continuously monitor the concentrations of non-refractory submicron particulate matter NR-PM₁ and its species in March, August, October and December representing spring, late summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, in the southeast urban area of Beijing. The evolution characteristics of NR-PM₁ and its species in different periods, especially during the haze days, and the sources of organic aerosol OA in the four seasons were investigated. The results showed that the average concentration of NR-PM₁ was 22.06μg/m³ in the whole study period. The seasonal variation of NR-PM₁ mass concentrations followed the order of spring > winter > autumn > late summer. In the study period, the average concentration of Org was 7.12μg/m³, accounting for 32.30% of NR-PM₁; the average concentrations of NO₃^- and SO₄^2- were 5.91 and 6.20μg/m³, respectively, accounting for 26.80% and 28.12% of NR-PM₁ respectively; however, the average mass concentrations and mass fractions of both NH₄⁺ and Cl^- were lower. All species concentrations showed the order of Org > SO₄^2-~NO₃^-> NH₄⁺> Cl^-. NR-PM₁ in clean days was mainly characterized by Org, and the diurnal variations of all species in each season were smaller. However, NR-PM₁ in haze days was mainly characterized by secondary inorganic species, and each species showed different diurnal variations in different seasons. OA species apportioned in different seasons were slightly different. The contributions of primary OA (POA) to OA gradually increased in the order of spring < late summer < autumn < winter, but secondary OA (SOA) to OA gradually decreased.

Key words： ACSM NR-PM₁ OA secondary inorganic species source

收稿日期: 2021-12-20

PACS:

X513

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0213203）；大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（DQGG0302-01）

通讯作者: 韩力慧,副教授,hlh@bjut.edu.cn E-mail: hlh@bjut.edu.cn

作者简介: 韩力慧(1964-),女,山西太原人,副教授,博士,主要从事大气污染与防治研究.发表论文60余篇.

引用本文:

韩力慧, 时瑞芳, 崔建硕, 杨雪梅, 王海燕, 程水源. 北京市典型区域大气亚微米颗粒物理化特性及其来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(8): 3522-3535. HAN Li-hui, SHI Rui-fang, CUI Jian-shuo, YANG Xue-mei, WANG Hai-yan, CHENG Shui-yuan. Physicochemical characteristics and sources of atmospheric submicro particulate matter at a typical area in Beijing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(8): 3522-3535.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I8/3522

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