Abstract:The occurrence of membrane fouling and the poor retention effect of small molecular organic pollutants have been important factors limiting the development of ultrafiltration technology. This study realized the mitigation of membrane fouling and the removal of small molecular organic pollutants (SMOP) in the ultrafiltration process by coupling advanced oxidation technology. Cross-linked polypyrrole carbon nanotubes were deposited on the surface of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane by spraying, and the crosslinked polypyrrole carbon nanotubes composite ultrafiltration membrane (CP/PVDF) with excellent conductivity was obtained. The performance of fouling mitigation (HA as the simulated pollutant) and removing small molecular organic pollutants was compared when peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxodisulfate (PDS) were used as oxidants respectively. The results showed that the E-PS-CP/PVDF system had high removal ratios for three different small molecular organic pollutants, carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac sodium (DCF) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and its first-order kinetic constants were higher than 15×10-2min-1, much higher than that of the ultrafiltration system alone (the highest was 0.072×10-2min-1). E-PS-CP/PVDF system had obvious membrane pollution mitigation effect.When using PMS and PDS as electrolytes, the normalized membrane flux only decreased to 0.93and 0.84 within 60min, respectively. The applied electric field and the oxidation of oxidizing hydroxyl radicals on HA changed the interaction of pollutants on the membrane surface and reduced the deposition of HA on the membranes. In addition, the fouling mitigation mechanism of E-PS-CP/PVDF system to alleviate membrane fouling was explored through quenching experiments. The results of mechanism experiments showed that the main reason for alleviating membrane fouling in E-PS-CP/PVDF system was the ·OH, SO4·-and 1O2 generated by the cathodic activation of PS, and PMS had better performance as oxidant than PDS. Therefore, E-PS-CP/PVDF system can alleviate membrane pollution and remove small molecular organic pollutants during ultrafiltration, and has a good application prospect in the field of actual water treatment.
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