Effects of sediment sterilization with ClO2 on nutrient diffusion flux at sediment-water interface
ZENG Chao1,2, FANG Jing-hui1,2, YANG Ming-Shu1, LUO Kun1, HUANG Jun-hang1,2, LIANG Bo1
1. State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Abstract：The sterilization effect of chlorine dioxide on sediments and its effect on the physicochemical indexes such as nutrient diffusion flux at the sediment-water interface were studied by experimental ecological methods. Results indicated that ClO2, with an effective chlorine addition of 300mg/L to 900mg/L, killed 73.1% to 82.8% of bacteria and all aquatic pathogenic Vibrio bacteria in the sediment. Furthermore, ClO2 significantly reduced the number of microbial colonies in the sediment, with no significant differences in the number of microbial colonies among ClO2 treatment groups. The analysis of sediment overlying water and pore water showed that ClO2 significantly reduced the concentration of NH4+-N、PO43--P、NO3--N、NO2--N in sediment pore water. There were significant differences in NH4+ and PO43- diffusion flux at the sediment-water interface between ClO2 treatments and control at the same time point of sampling (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in NO3- and NO2- diffusion fluxes at the water interface overall (P>0.05). The net nitrogen mineralization rate of sediments in each experimental treatment was decreased generally with increased ClO2 concentration. The net nitrogen mineralization rate among treatments increased over time, and the gap gradually decreased during the experiment. Furthermore, the presence of ClO2 reduced the organic matter content and H2S concentration of the sediment. The present study showed that the addition of 300mg/L (available chlorine content) of ClO2 to the sediment was sufficient to kill all pathogenic Vibrio bacteria but cannot eliminate all bacteria in the sediment. Moreover, the increased content in the range of 300mg/L to 900mg/L did not have a significant effect on the sterilization of the sediment. Overall, the results demonstrate that the presence of ClO2 reduces nutrient concentration in sediment-pore water, which has a significant effect on nutrient diffusion flux at the sediment-water interface. These findings provide useful information for the marine sediment pollution recovery.
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