不同制式地铁车站公共区PM<sub>2.5</sub>污染特征

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1303 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为了解屏蔽门和安全门制式地铁车站公共区PM_2.5的污染特征,分别选取不同制式地铁车站,同步采集分析车站公共区及室外的PM_2.5浓度及成分,并利用PMF法解析公共区PM_2.5的来源组成.结果显示,屏蔽门车站公共区 PM_2.5的平均浓度显著低于安全门车站,但高于站外大气PM_2.5 浓度.安全门车站公共区中Fe、Cu元素的站内外浓度比(I/O比)分别为32和9,远超屏蔽门车站Fe、Cu的I/O比(16和4).依据源解析结果将公共区PM_2.5来源区分为站内源和站外源,安全门车站中站内源贡献达74%,产生的元素浓度和为40.1μg/m³,而屏蔽门车站中站内源贡献为69%,产生的元素浓度和仅18.8 μg/m³.此外,两类车站中站内源对站内重金属元素贡献均超过80%,但安全门车站中站内源产生的重金属浓度为36.9 μg/m³,而屏蔽门车站仅为17.5 μg/m³,相比安全门降低53%.因此,屏蔽门制式相比安全门制式可以显著降低地铁车站公共区PM_2.5质量浓度及PM_2.5中重金属元素含量.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	纪文静
	曾俊杰
	李晓锋

关键词 ：地铁车站, 细颗粒物, 源解析, 重金属

Abstract：The characteristics of PM_2.5 pollution were investigated for public areas of subway stations equipped with platform screen door (PSD) and platform bailout door (PBD) systems. Air samples were collected from both inside and outside selected subway stations, and the PM_2.5 concentration and composition of the samples were determined. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) method was employed to determine the contributions of different sources to PM_2.5 in the public areas. The mean PM_2.5 concentration in the public areas of PSD stations was considerably lower than that of PBD stations but higher than the ambient PM_2.5 concentration. The indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratios of elemental Fe and Cu in the PBD stations were 32and 9, respectively, surpassing those in the PSD stations (16 and 4). The source apportionment results were used to categorize the indoor and outdoor sources of PM_2.5 in the public areas. The contribution of indoor sources to PM_2.5 was 74%, with an elemental concentration of 40.1μg/m³, for PBD stations and 69%, with an elemental concentration of only 18.8μg/m³, for PSD stations. In both types of subway stations, indoor sources contributed over 80% of the heavy metal elements in the public areas. However, indoor sources produced a heavy metal concentration of 17.5μg/m³ in the PSD stations, which was 53% lower than that (36.9μg/m³) in the PBD stations. Therefore, installing a PSD system results in a considerably lower mass concentration and content of heavy metal elements of PM_2.5 in public areas of subway stations than installing a PBD system.

Key words： subway station PM_2.5 source apportionment heavy metal

收稿日期: 2023-10-04

PACS:

X513

基金资助:北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8242013);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M710182);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51908032)

通讯作者: 李晓锋,副教授,xfli@tsinghua.edu.cn E-mail: xfli@tsinghua.edu.cn

作者简介: 纪文静(1990-),女,山东泰安人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为地铁环境污染与控制.发表论文10余篇.jiwenjing@ustb.edu.cn.

引用本文:

纪文静, 曾俊杰, 李晓锋. 不同制式地铁车站公共区PM_2.5污染特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(5): 2399-2406. JI Wen-jing, ZENG Jun-jie, LI Xiao-feng. PM_2.5 pollution characteristics in the public areas of subway stations with different platform door systems. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(5): 2399-2406.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/2399

[1] 张翠林,张金萍,蒋佳昀.城市地铁环境空气污染及热舒适调查[J].科学技术与工程, 2021,21(1):318-325. Zhang C L, Zhang J P, Jiang J Y. Study on air pollution and thermal comfort in urban subway environment[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021,21(1):318-325.
[2] 夏凤毅,王馨,叶丹,等.杭州地铁1号线颗粒物污染水平监测与分析[J].安全与环境学报, 2023,23(1):204-210. Xia F Y, Wang X, Ye D, et al. Monitoring and analysis of particulate matter pollution level in Hangzhou Metro Line 1[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2023,23(1):204-210.
[3] 涂明晖,涂有,涂光备.国内外地铁站台与车厢空气颗粒物浓度探析[J].暖通空调, 2022,52(9):86-94. Tu M H, Tu Y, Tu G B. Exploration of air particulate matter concentration on underground railway platforms and in train compartments in China and Europe[J]. Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning, 2022,52(9):86-94.
[4] 陈青云,朱咏辉.地铁复合式屏蔽门系统火灾特性分析[J].都市快轨交通, 2021,34(1):63-67. Chen Q Y, Zhu Y H. Fire characteristics of metro composite platform screen door system[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2021,34(1):63-67.
[5] 朱培根,王春旺,仝晓娜,等.地铁可调风口安全门系统通风空调节能研究[J].洁净与空调技术, 2016,(2):22-26. Zhu P G, Wang C W, Tong X N, et.al. Analysis of energy-saving by screen door with adjustable vent for metro ventilation and air-conditioning systems[J]. Contamination Control&Air-Conditioning Technology, 2016,(2):22-26.
[6] 唐超,高岩,陈克松,等.严寒地区地铁通风节能分析[J].暖通空调, 2020,50(6):114-119,100. Tang C, Gao Y, Chen K S, et al. Energy saving analysis of underground railway ventilation in severe cold zone[J].暖通空调, 2020,50(6):114-119,100.
[7] Kim K H, Ho D X, Jeon J S, et al. A noticeable shift in particulate matter levels after platform screen door installation in a Korean subway station[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012,49:219-223.
[8] Martins V, Moreno T, Minguillon M C, et al. Origin of inorganic and organic components of PM_2.5 in subway stations of Barcelona, Spain[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016,208:125-136.
[9] 黄珊,潘志卫,黄继婵,等.南昌市地铁PM_2.5时空分布及金属特征研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2020,42(7):917-921,936. Huang S, Pan Z W, Huang J C, et al. Spatial and temporal distribution of PM_2.5 and characteristics of metals in Nanchang metro[J]. Environmental Pollution&Control, 2020,42(7):917-921,936.
[10] Martins V, Moreno T, Mendes L, et al. Factors controlling air quality in different European subway systems[J]. Environmental Research, 2016,146:35-46.
[11] Font O, Moreno T, Querol X, et al. Origin and speciation of major and trace PM elements in the barcelona subway system[J]. Transportation Research Part D-Transport and Environment, 2019,72:17-35.
[12] Rai P, Furger M, Slowik J G, et al. Characteristics and sources of hourly elements in PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 during wintertime in Beijing[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021,278.
[13] Zhao S, Tian H Z, Luo L N, et al. Temporal variation characteristics and source apportionment of metal elements in PM_2.5 in urban Beijing during 2018~2019[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021,268.
[14] Lingling L, Peng W, Jingnan H, et al. Source apportionment and regional transport of PM_2.5 during haze episodes in Beijing combined with multiple models[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2022,266.
[15] Liu J W, Chen Y J, Cao H B, et al. Burden of typical diseases attributed to the sources of PM_2.5-bound toxic metals in Beijing:An integrated approach to source apportionment and QALYs[J]. Environment International, 2019,131.
[16] 翟诗婷,王申博,张栋,等.郑州市典型污染过程PM1中重金属浓度、来源及健康风险评估[J].环境科学, 2022,43(3):1180-1189. Zhai S T, Wang S B, Zhang D, et al. Concentration, source, and health risk assessment of PM1 heavy metals in typical pollution processes in Zhengzhou[J]. Environmental Science, 2022,43(3):1180-1189.
[17] Guo L, Hu Y J, Hu Q Q, et al. Characteristics and chemical compositions of particulate matter collected at the selected metro stations of Shanghai, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,496:443-452.
[18] Byeon S-H, Willis R, Peters T M. Chemical characterization of outdoor and subway fine (PM_2.5-1.0) and coarse (PM₁₀-2.5) particulate matter in Seoul (Korea) by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM)[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2015,12(2):2090-2104.
[19] 庹雄,杨凌霄,张婉,等.海-陆大气交汇作用下青岛冬季大气PM_2.5污染特征与来源解析[J].环境科学, 2022,43(5):2284-2293. Tuo X, Yang L X, Zhang W, et al. Characteristics and source analysis of PM_2.5 in Qingdao in winter under the action of sea-land-atmosphere convergence[J]. Environmental Science, 2022,43(5):2284-2293.
[20] Liu Y Y, Xing J, Wang S X, et al. Source-specific speciation profiles of PM_2.5 for heavy metals and their anthropogenic emissions in China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018,239:544-553.
[21] 陈晖,卫雅琦,尚晓娜,等.华北农村冬季细颗粒物元素组分的特征及来源[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(11):5027-5035. Chen H, Wei Y Q, Shang X N, et al. Characteristics and sources of elemental components of fine particulate matter in winter rural areas of North China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(11):5027-5035.
[22] Zhang J Z, Zhou X H, Wang Z, et al. Trace elements in PM_2.5 in Shandong Province:Source identification and health risk assessment[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,621:558-577.
[23] Lai A M, Carter E, Shan M, et al. Chemical composition and source apportionment of ambient, household, and personal exposures to PM_2.5 in communities using biomass stoves in rural China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,646:309-319.
[24] Niu Y Y, Wang F, Liu S M, et al. Source analysis of heavy metal elements of PM_2.5 in canteen in a university in winter[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2021,244.
[25] 白莉,陈琬玥,贺梓健,等.长春市供暖季办公建筑室内PM_2.5中金属元素的污染特征及风险评估[J].环境污染与防治, 2020,42(2):187-193. Bai L, Chen W Y, He Z J, et al. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of metal elements in indoors PM_2.5 in an office building during the heating season in Changchun[J]. Environmental Pollution&Control, 2020,42(2):187-193.
[26] 杨毅红,贾燕,卞国建,等.珠海市郊区大气PM_2.5中元素特征及重金属健康风险评价[J].环境科学, 2019,40(4):1553-1561. Yang Y H, Jia Y, Bian G J, et al. Elemental characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in atmospheric PM_2.5 in a suburb of Zhuhai City[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(4):1553-1561.
[27] 孙天乐,邹北冰,黄晓锋,等.深圳市大气PM_2.5来源解析[J].中国环境科学, 2019,39(1):13-20. Sun T L, Zhou B B, Huang X F, et al. Source apportionment of PM_2.5 pollution in Shenzhen[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(1):13-20.
[28] 兰紫娟,江家豪,林理量,等.深圳市典型混合功能区PM_2.5源解析研究[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(9):4001-4008. Lan Z J, Jiang J H, Lin L L, et al. Source analysis of PM_2.5 in the typical mixed functional zone of Shenzhen[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(9):4001-4008.
[29] 吴和岩,黄利群,宁婷,等.珠海市2017~2018大气PM_2.5污染成份特征及金属元素来源解析[J].现代预防医学, 2022,49(1):27-31. Wu H Y, Huang L Q, Ning T, et al. Pollution characteristics and source of metal elements in atmospheric PM_2.5 in Zhuhai city, 2017~2018[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2022,49(1):27-31.
[30] 石绍萱,杨艳蓉,秦娟娟,等.北京市PM_2.5中砷污染特征[J].环境科学, 2020,41(1):57-64. Shi S X, Yang Y R, Qin J J, et al. Chemical characteristics of arsenic in PM_2.5 in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(1):57-64.
[31] 任万辉,李云丹,苏枞枞,等.沈阳市大气PM_2.5中重金属污染特征、来源解析及健康风险评价[J].环境化学, 2021,40(4):1029-1037. Ren W H, Li Y D, Su C C, et al. Pollution characteristics, source apportionment and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_2.5 in Shenyang[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021,40(4):1029-1037.
[32] Fang B, Zeng H, Zhang L, et al. Toxic metals in outdoor/indoor airborne PM_2.5 in port city of Northern, China:Characteristics, sources, and personal exposure risk assessment[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021,279.
[33] Figueroa-Lara J d J, Murcia-González J M, García-Martínez R, et al. Effect of platform subway depth on the presence of Airborne PM_2.5, metals, and toxic organic species[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019,377:427-436.
[34] Moreno T, Martins V, Querol X, et al. A new look at inhalable metalliferous airborne particles on rail subway platforms[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015,505:367-375.
[35] Alias A, Latif M T, Othman M, et al. Compositions, source apportionment and health risks assessment of fine particulate matter in naturally-ventilated schools[J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2021,12(10).
[36] Cui Y, Ji D S, Chen H, et al. Characteristics and sources of hourly trace elements in airborne fine particles in urban Beijing, China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 2019,124(21):11595-11613