西南喀斯特核心分布区植被对极端气候的响应

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摘要为了探究植被变化与极端气候之间的关系,以西南喀斯特核心分布区为研究对象,基于1982~2019年NDVI数据和气象站点日气温和降雨数据,选择气候变化监测和指标专家组(ETCCDI)定义的极端气候指数,运用趋势分析法和相关分析法探讨了NDVI和极端气候时空变化及其响应机制.结果表明:1982~2019年西南喀斯特核心分布区NDVI总体(83.13%)呈显著上升趋势,仅少部分地区(0.51%)呈下降趋势.极端气候指数中,表征极端高温的指数在时间和空间上都呈显著(P<0.05)增加趋势,表征极端低温的指数在时间和空间上(P<0.05)都呈显著下降趋势,而极端降水指数变化趋势不显著(P>0.05).年尺度上,西南喀斯特核心分布区NDVI与极端降水和极端气温暖指数呈正相关,而与极端气温冷指数呈负相关;NDVI与7个具有显著关系(P<0.05)的极端气温指数(TN90P、TX90P、TNX、TXX、TN10P、TX10P、TNN)的相关性在空间上表现出明显的异质性.表征极端气温频率的TN90P、TX90P和TN10P三个指数是影响不同植被生长的主要因子.研究结果对于喀斯特地区生态保护与治理具有一定的指导意义.

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关键词 ： NDVI, 极端气候, 时空变化, 植被类型, 西南喀斯特核心分布区

Abstract：The karst core areas of southwest China were chosen as the research area for exploring the interrelationship between vegetation change and extreme climate conditions. Based on NDVI data from 1982 to 2019 and daily temperature and precipitation data from meteorological stations and using extreme climate indices defined by the Expert Group on Climate Change Monitoring and Indicators (ETCCDI), trend analysis and correlation analysis methods were applied to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in the NDVI and extreme climate indices and their response mechanisms. The study can provide foundation for ecological protection and management in karst area. The results showed that: from 1982 to 2019, the overall (83.13%) NDVI exhibited a significant upward trend in the southwest karst core areas, with only a few areas (0.51%) showing a downward trend. Among the extreme climate indices, the extreme high-temperature indices showed a significant increasing trend in both temporally and spatially (P<0.05), and the extreme low-temperature indices exhibited a significant decreasing trend (P<0.05), and the extreme precipitation indices exhibited nonsignificant changes (P>0.05). At the annual scale, there were a positive correlations between NDVI and extreme precipitation indices and extreme warm temperature indices, and a negative correlation with extreme cold temperature indices in the southwest karst core areas. The correlations between the NDVI and seven extreme temperature indices (TN90P, TX90P, TNX, TXX, TN10P, TX10P, and TNN) were significant relationships (P<0.05), revealing significant spatial heterogeneity. The three main factors influencing the growth of each type of vegetation were TN90P, TX90P and TN10P, which characterize the frequency of extreme temperatures. The results of this study can guide ecological protection and management in karst areas.

Key words： normalized difference vegetation index extreme climate spatiotemporal changes vegetation types the karst core areas of southwest China

收稿日期: 2023-11-16

PACS:

X173

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42161028)

通讯作者: 靖娟利,教授,2003080@glut.edu.cn E-mail: 2003080@glut.edu.cn

作者简介: 靖娟利(1977-),女,陕西长安人,教授,硕士,主要研究方向为植被覆盖变化及其气候响应.发表论文50余篇.2003080@glut.edu.cn.

引用本文:

靖娟利, 赵婷, 王永锋, 孙佳荟, 付宝苇. 西南喀斯特核心分布区植被对极端气候的响应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(6): 3353-3364. JING Juan-li, ZHAO Ting, WANG Yong-feng, SUN Jia-hui, FU Bao-wei. Response of vegetation to extreme climate in the karst core areas of southwest China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 3353-3364.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I6/3353

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