天山北坡经济带植被覆盖度动态变化研究

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摘要为探明天山北坡经济带植被覆盖度时空变化及其原因，本研究基于MODIS13Q1NDVI数据、气象数据、地形数据、人文数据，基于Google Earth Engine（GEE）平台，利用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验和稳定性分析方法，探究2000-2020年天山北坡经济带植被覆盖度（FVC）时空变化特征及其影响因子.结果表明：天山北坡经济带的FVC表现为两条平行的高覆盖度带.其中中部地区具有较高的植被覆盖度，而边缘地区的植被覆盖度相对较低.2000~2020年间，天山北坡经济带的FVC在时空上呈轻度变化，约占总变化的70%.植被改善区域主要呈现带状分布，集中在研究区的中部，而植被减少区域主要分布在研究区的南缘.整体上，天山北坡的植被覆盖度呈现出西北至东南的相间分布趋势，并且有逐渐上升的趋势.与东部地区相比，西部地区的植被改善更为明显.2000~2020年间，天山北坡经济带的FVC整体上表现出较高的稳定性和较小的波动，其变异程度介于弱变异和中等变异之间.但是，在克拉玛依市北部、乌鲁木齐市西南部以及研究区南缘的零星地区，FVC存在较强的变异.通过地理探测器模型对天山北坡经济带FVC影响因素的研究表明，人类活动（人口密度、夜间灯光和土地利用类型）是FVC空间分异的主要解释因素.从驱动因素来看，人口密度P值为0.283，对FVC影响最大，夜间灯光P值为0.125，土地利用类型P值为0.179.

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关键词 ： GEE, MODIS13Q1, 植被覆盖度, 时空变化, 地理探测器, 天山北坡

Abstract：To investigate the spatial and temporal changes in vegetation cover and its causes in the economic zone on the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountain. This study is based on MODIS13Q1NDVI data, meteorological data, topographic data and humanities data, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, the Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall significance test and stability analysis methods were used to explore the Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) of the economic zone on the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountain from 2000 to 2020 spatial and temporal change characteristics and its influencing factors. The results of the study indicates that:The FVC of the economic zone on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain was characterized by two parallel zones of high cover. Among them, the central area was characterized by high vegetation cover, while the edge area was marked by relatively low vegetation cover. The FVC of the economic zone on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain exhibited a mild spatial and temporal variation between 2000 and 2020, accounting for approximately 70% of the total changes. The vegetation improvement area primarily showed a zonal distribution and was concentrated in the central part of the study area, while the vegetation reduction area was mainly distributed in the southern edge of the study area. Overall, the vegetation cover of the northern slopes of Tianshan showed an interphase distribution trend from northwest to southeast and a gradual increase. In comparison with the eastern region, the vegetation improvement in the western region was more pronounced. During 2000 to 2020, high stability and small fluctuations overall were exhibited by the FVC of the economic zone on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain, and its variability was characterized by weak to moderate variability. However, strong variability in FVC was observed in northern Karamay, southwestern Urumqi, and scattered areas along the southern edge of the study area. The factors influencing FVC in the economic zone of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain were revealed to be studied through the geodetector model, indicating that the main explanatory factors for the spatial differentiation of FVC were human activities (population density, nighttime lighting, and land use type). In terms of drivers, FVC was found to be most impacted by population density, with a p-value of 0.283, followed by nighttime lighting with a p-value of 0.125, and land use type with a p-value of 0.179.

Key words： GEE MODIS13Q1 fractional vegetation cover spatial-temporal change geodetector northern slopes of Tianshan Mountains

收稿日期: 2023-06-29

PACS:

X87

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（42061066）；自治区重点实验室开放课题（2023D04066）；自治区教育厅天池博士计划项目（tcbs201817）；新疆大学博士科研启动基金资助项目（BS180236）；新疆大学大学生创新训练计划项目（202210755005）

通讯作者: 张喆,副教授,zhangzhe_0110@yeah.net E-mail: zhangzhe_0110@yeah.net

作者简介: 郝鑫怡(2002-),女,陕西宝鸡人,新疆大学本科生,主要从事干旱区环境遥感研究.发表论文1篇.Haoxyi2002@163.com.

引用本文:

郝鑫怡, 张喆, 郑浩, 高宁真. 天山北坡经济带植被覆盖度动态变化研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(2): 1020-1031. HAO Xin-yi, ZHANG Zhe, ZHENG Hao, GAO Ning-zhen. Dynamic change of vegetation cover in the economic zone of the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountains. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(2): 1020-1031.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I2/1020

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