The effect of different fermentation methods on the sludge anaerobic fermentation performance and the utilization of fermentation liquor
IN Bao-dan, WANG Shu-ying, XING Li-qun, PENG Yong-zhen
Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
In order to study the effect of different fermentation styles on the waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation performance and the utilization of fermentation liquor by microorganism. The WAS were fermented in the Ca(OH)2(pH=10±0.2),Ca(OH)2+NaCl(pH=10±0.2), FNA(pH=5.5±0.2), PMS, SDBS and naturally fermentation system, and the fermentation liquor was used to de-nitrification of biology. Different indicators were analyzed respectively such as dissolution of organic matters (SCOD), short chain volatile fatty acids (SCFAs), soluble protein, soluble polysaccharide, key enzyme (hydrolase and coenzyme420) and NO3--N. The results showed that the hydrolytic acidification performance and fermented liquid utilization of six fermentation systems had significant difference. The maximal values of SCOD, SCFAs, hydrolase activity and sludge reduction appeared at Ca(OH)2+NaCl fermentation system, and Ca(OH)2 fermentation system was followed, but the naturally fermentation system was minimum. Although the protein and polysaccharide was abundant in the FNA fermentation system as same as Ca(OH)2+NaCl fermentation system, but lower hydrolase and higher F420 activity led to the lower SCFAs accumulation. The de-nitrification tests showed that the fermented liquid from Ca(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2+NaCl fermentation systems had a remarkable de-nitrification effect and large of NO2--N accumulation which was similar to sodium acetate, but the fermented liquid from FNA, PMS and SDBS fermentation systems could not be well used by microorganism because of large of poisonous substance.
金宝丹, 王淑莹, 邢立群, 彭永臻. 不同发酵方式对污泥厌氧发酵性能的影响及其发酵液利用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(7): 2079-2089.
IN Bao-dan, WANG Shu-ying, XING Li-qun, PENG Yong-zhen. The effect of different fermentation methods on the sludge anaerobic fermentation performance and the utilization of fermentation liquor. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(7): 2079-2089.
Batstone D J, Keller J, Angelidaki I, et al. Anaerobic digestion model no. 1 (ADM1) [M]. IWA publishing, 2002.
[2]
Chen Y, Randall A A, McCue T. The efficiency of enhanced biological phosphorus removal from real wastewater affected by different ratios of acetic to propionic acid [J]. Water Research, 2004,38(1):27-36.
[3]
Feng L, Yan Y, Chen Y. Kinetic analysis of waste activated sludge hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acids production at pH 10 [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2009,21(5):589-594.
[4]
Yu G H, He P J, Shao L M, et al. Extracellular proteins, polysaccharides and enzymes impact on sludge aerobic digestion after ultrasonic pretreatment [J]. Water Research, 2008,42(8/9): 1925-1934.
[5]
Pang L, Ni J, Tang X. Fast characterization of soluble organic intermediates and integrity of microbial cells in the process of alkaline anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge [J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2014,86(10):49-56.
[6]
Wang B, Wang S, Li B, et al. Integrating waste activated sludge (WAS) acidification with denitrification by adding nitrite (NO2-) [J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2014,67(5):460-465.
[7]
Park N D, Helle S S, Thring R W. Combined alkaline and ultrasound pre-treatment of thickened pulp mill waste activated sludge for improved anaerobic digestion [J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2012,46(6):750-756.
[8]
Lim J W, Wang J-Y. Enhanced hydrolysis and methane yield by applying microaeration pretreatment to the anaerobic co- digestion of brown water and food waste [J]. Waste Management, 2013,33(4):813-819.
[9]
Li X, Peng Y, Ren N, et al. Effect of temperature on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) accumulation and microbiological transformation in sludge alkaline fermentation with Ca (OH)2 adjustment [J]. Water Research, 2014,61(18):34-45.
[10]
Yuan H, Chen Y, Zhang H, et al. Improved bioproduction of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from excess sludge under alkaline conditions [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2006,40(6):2025-2029.
[11]
Ma B, Peng Y, Yan W, et al. Free nitrous acid pretreatment of wasted activated sludge to exploit internal carbon source for enhanced denitrification [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,179: 20-25.
[12]
Huang X, Shen C, Liu J, et al. Improved volatile fatty acid production during waste activated sludge anaerobic fermentation by different bio-surfactants [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,264:280-290.
Hao X, Zhou M, Yu H, et al. Effect of Sodium Ion Concentration on Hydrogen Production from Sucrose by Anaerobic Hydrogen- producing Granular Sludge [J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2006,14(4):511-517.
[17]
Liu Y, Boone D R. Effects of salinity on methanogenic decomposition [J]. Bioresource Technology, 1991,35(3):271-273.
Jiang S, Chen Y, Zhou Q. Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on waste activated sludge hydrolysis and acidification [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2007,132(1):311-317.
[22]
Clesceri L S, Greenberg A E, Eaton A D. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater [M]. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 1998.
[23]
Herbert D, Philipps P, Strange R. Carbohydrate analysis [J]. Methods Enzymol. B, 1971,5:265-277.
[24]
Classics Lowry O, Rosebrough N, Farr A, et al. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent [J]. J. boil. Chem., 1951,193(1):265-275.
[25]
Goel R, Mino T, Satoh H, et al. Enzyme activities under anaerobic and aerobic conditions in activated sludge sequencing batch reactor [J]. Water Research, 1998,32(7):2081-2088.
[26]
Mu H, Chen Y. Long-term effect of ZnO nanoparticles on waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion [J]. Water Research, 2011, 45(17):5612-5620.
[27]
俞毓馨,吴国庆.孟宪庭环境工程微生物检测手册 [M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 1990.
[28]
Bougrier C, Carrere H, Delgenes J. Solubilisation of waste- activated sludge by ultrasonic treatment [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2005,106(2):163-169.
[29]
Müller J, Pelletier L. Désintégration mécanique des boues actives [J]. L'Eau, l'industrie, les nuisances, 1998(217):61-66.
[30]
Jin B, Wang S, Xing L, et al. The effect of salinity on waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation and kinetic analysis [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015.
[31]
Vallero M V G, Hulshoff Pol L W, Lettinga G, et al. Effect of NaCl on thermophilic (55°C) methanol degradation in sulfate reducing granular sludge reactors [J]. Water Research, 2003, 37(10):2269-2280.
[32]
Moussa M, Sumanasekera D, Ibrahim S, et al. Long term effects of salt on activity, population structure and floc characteristics in enriched bacterial cultures of nitrifiers [J]. Water Research, 2006, 40(7):1377-1388.
Sun Y S, Ray C, Lau G W, et al. Anaerobic killing of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa by acidified nitrite derivatives under cystic fibrosis airway conditions [J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2006,116(2):436-446.
[36]
Malling Heinrich V. History of the science of mutagenesis from a personal perspective [J]. Environmental & Molecular Mutagenesis, 2004,44(5):372-386.
[37]
Su J, Chen Y, Qi Z. Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on waste activated sludge hydrolysis and acidification [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2007,132(1-3):311-317.
[38]
Mayer A S, Zhong L, Pope G A. Measurement of Mass-Transfer Rates for Surfactant-Enhanced Solubilization of Nonaqueous Phase Liquids [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1999, 33(17):2965-2972.
[39]
Tanaka S, Kobayashi T, Kamiyama K-i, et al. Effects of thermochemical pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge [J]. Water Science and Technology, 1997,35(8): 209-215.
[40]
Wang Z, Gao M, Wang Z, et al. Effect of salinity on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge from an anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor [J]. Chemosphere, 2013,93(11):2789- 2795.
[41]
Chen Y, Jiang S, Yuan H, et al. Hydrolysis and acidification of waste activated sludge at different pHs [J]. Water Research, 2007, 41(3):683-689.
[42]
Sutherland I W. Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework [J]. Microbiology, 2001,147(1):3-9.
[43]
Feng L, Chen Y, Zheng X. Enhancement of Waste Activated Sludge Protein Conversion and Volatile Fatty Acids Accumulation during Waste Activated Sludge Anaerobic Fermentation by Carbohydrate Substrate Addition: The Effect of pH [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2009(12):4373-4380.
[44]
Wingender J, Neu T R, Flemming H-C. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances: characterization, structure, and function [M]. Springer Science & Business Media, 1999.
[45]
Mishra A, Mandoli A, Jha B. Physiological characterization and stress-induced metabolic responses of Dunaliella salina isolated from salt pan [J]. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2008,35(10): 1093-1101.
[46]
Li X, Zhao J, Wang D, et al. An efficient and green pretreatment to stimulate short-chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge anaerobic fermentation using free nitrous acid [J]. Chemosphere, 2015,144:160-167.
[47]
Ren W, Zhou Z, Zhu Y, et al. Effect of sulfate radical oxidation on disintegration of waste activated sludge [J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2015,104:384-390.
[48]
Chen Y, Cheng J J, Creamer K S. Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: A review [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(10):4044-4064.
[49]
Pijuan M, Wang Q, Liu Y, et al. Improving secondary sludge biodegradability using free nitrous acid treatment [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012,116(7):92-98.
[50]
Wang Q, Ye L, Jiang S, et al. Free nitrous acid (FNA)- based pretreatment enhances methane production from waste activated sludge [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013,47(20):11897-11904.
[51]
Ma B, Peng Y, Wei Y, et al. Free nitrous acid pretreatment of wasted activated sludge to exploit internal carbon source for enhanced denitrification [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,179: 20-25.
[52]
Yu G H, He P J, Shao L M, et al. Enzyme activities in activated sludge flocs [J]. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007,77(3):605- 612.
[53]
Cadoret A, Conrad A, Block J C. Availability of low and high molecular weight substrates to extracellular enzymes in whole and dispersed activated sludges [J]. Enzyme and Microbial. Technology, 2002,31(1):179-186.
[54]
Banister S, Pitman A, Pretorius W. The solubilisation of N and P during primary sludge acid fermentation and precipitation of the resultant P [J]. WATER SA, 1998,24(4):337-342.
[55]
Dytczak M A, Londry K L, Siegrist H, et al. Ozonation reduces sludge production and improves denitrification [J]. Water Research, 2007,41(3):543-550.
[56]
Neis U, Nickel K, Lundén A. Improving anaerobic and aerobic degradation by ultrasonic disintegration of biomass [J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A, 2008,43(13):1541- 1545.
[57]
Glass C, Silverstein J. Denitrification kinetics of high nitrate concentration water: pH effect on inhibition and nitrite accumulation [J]. Water Research, 1998,32(3):831-839.
