公交车燃用生物柴油的排放性、经济性与可靠性

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摘要

基于国Ⅴ柴油公交车，试验研究并分析了燃用5%体积分数的餐厨废弃油脂制生物柴油混合燃料B5的实际道路排放性，燃油经济性及可靠性.结果表明：所跟踪进行的11万km道路排放检测过程中，相较于国Ⅴ纯柴油（D100），B5的CO排放因子平均下降13.28%，THC排放因子平均下降7.86%，CO₂和NO_x排放因子平均上升11.50%和11.84%，颗粒数量PN排放因子平均上升13.15%，颗粒质量PM排放因子平均下降14.74%；油耗的跟踪监测结果显示：B5的燃油经济性与D100相当，按热值换算后，B5的年平均百km油耗较D100小幅上升约1.54%；内窥镜跟踪检查结果显示：燃用B5后，在活塞顶面，燃烧室顶面，气门与气门座间隙以及喷油嘴等发动机的关键部位均无明显的积碳产生，燃用B5的可靠性较好.

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	张允华
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关键词 ：柴油公交车, 生物柴油, 排放性, 经济性, 可靠性

Abstract：

A long-term experimental study on the characteristics of on-road emissions,fuel economy and reliability for a bus at emission standard Stage V was carried out through the emission test for 110,000kilometers.The bus was fueled with biodiesel blends B5(5% biodiesel made with used cooking oil and 95% pure China-V diesel in volume).The experimental results show that the average CO emission factor of B5 is about 13.28% lower than that of D100,the average THC emission factor of B5 is about 7.86% lower than that of D100,and the average CO₂ and NO_x emission factors of B5 are higher than those of D100 by 11.50% and 11.84% respectively.Compared with D100,the average PN emission factor of B5 increases by 13.15% while the average PM emission factor decreases by 14.74%.The recorded data of fuel consumption shows that the fuel economy of B5 is equivalent to that of D100,but the annual average fuel consumption of B5 per hundred kilometers is 1.54% higher than that of D100 based on heating value.The diesel engine endoscope test shows that there is no obvious carbon deposition on the key components of the engine,such as the piston head,the combustion chamber,the fuel injector,and the site between valve and valve seat,which indicates the reliability of the engine.

Key words： diesel bus biodiesel emission performance fuel economy reliability

收稿日期: 2016-11-24

PACS:	X73
	TK464

基金资助:

上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目（16DZ1203001）

通讯作者: 楼狄明,教授,loudiming@tongji.edu.cn E-mail: loudiming@tongji.edu.cn

作者简介: 张允华(1989-),男,江苏徐州人,博士研究生,主要从事发动机替代燃料及排放控制技术研究.

引用本文:

张允华, 楼狄明, 谭丕强, 胡志远. 公交车燃用生物柴油的排放性、经济性与可靠性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(7): 2773-2778. ZHANG Yun-hua, LOU Di-ming, TAN Pi-qiang, HU Zhi-yuan. Study on the emission performance,fuel economy and reliability of a bus fuelled with biodiesel blends. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(7): 2773-2778.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2017/V37/I7/2773

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