京津冀地区天然气和热泵替代燃煤供暖研究

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摘要

针对京津冀地区实施天然气和电能驱动空气源热泵（简称：热泵）替代燃煤（散烧煤和锅炉煤）供暖系统的一次能源效率、污染物减排量及经济性进行了对比计算.结果表明：对于京津冀地区，采用天然气和热泵替代燃煤供暖可使一次能源效率分别上升31%和44%；天然气和热泵供暖都可大幅降低污染物排放，天然气供暖可使烟尘、SO₂和NO_x分别减排7.46，33.26，8.06万t；热泵供暖则分别减排7.48，33.21，9.36万t；热泵供暖的初投资高于天然气供暖，但其年燃料费用远低于天然气供暖；此外，基于烟尘、SO₂、NO_x 3种污染物减排总量，计算得出天然气供暖改造的单位污染物减排成本较热泵供暖改造高14.2元/kg，综合对比发现，热泵供暖更具优势.

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关键词 ：散烧煤, 锅炉煤, 天然气供暖, 热泵供暖, 污染物

Abstract：

Using nature gas and air source heat pumps (ASHP) to replace the household coals and coal-fired boilers for heating was proposed in this study. The primary energy efficiencies, pollutant emission reductions and economic viability of different heating systems were calculated and analyzed based on Jing-Jin-Ji Region's scenario. The results showed that the primary energy efficiencies of the nature gas-based and ASHP-based heating systems could be improved by 31and 44percentage points, respectively, comparing to the original coal-based heating system. The emissions of the main pollutants could be significantly reduced. Specifically, the nature gas-based heating system and ASHP-based heating system could decrease the PM, SO₂ and NO_x emissions by 74.6, 332.6, 80.6 thousand tons, and 74.8, 332.1, 93.6thousand tons, respectively. The economic performance revealed that though the initial investment costs of ASHP-based heating system were greater than that of nature gas-based heating system, the annualized fuel costs were much lower. Besides, the specific costs of the pollutant emission mitigations of the nature gas-based heating system were 14.2 Chinese Yuan/kg higher than ASHP-based heating system, meaning that the ASHP-based heating system features better comprehensive performance as compared with the nature gas-based heating system.

Key words： household coal boiler coal nature gas-based heating system ASHP-based heating system pollutants

收稿日期: 2017-04-21

PACS:

X513

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51706065，51476053）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目（2017MS013）

通讯作者: 许诚,讲师,xucheng@ncepu.edu.cn E-mail: xucheng@ncepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王春兰(1993-),女,宁夏吴忠人,华北电力大学硕士研究生,主要研究燃煤机组节能优化,区域污染物控制.发表论文2篇.

引用本文:

王春兰, 许诚, 徐钢, 白璞. 京津冀地区天然气和热泵替代燃煤供暖研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(11): 4363-4370. WANG Chun-lan, XU Cheng, XU Gang, BAI Pu. Studies on replacing coal with natural gas and heat pump for heating in Jing-Jin-Ji region. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(11): 4363-4370.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2017/V37/I11/4363

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