7种改性水稻秸秆对溶液中Cd<sup>2+</sup>的吸附

摘要
图/表
参考文献(34)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1762 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

为实现废弃水稻秸秆资源化利用及其治理水环境中Cd²⁺的污染问题，用KMnO₄、KOH、H₂O₂、KOH+H₂O₂、酒石酸、柠檬酸、TiO₂对水稻秸秆进行改性，制成不同的水稻秸秆吸附剂来吸附溶液中的Cd²⁺，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱仪、比表面积及孔径分析仪和Zeta电位仪对改性前后的水稻秸秆进行表征分析，吸附过程采用准一级动力学方程、修正一级动力学方程、准二级动力学方程和颗粒内扩散模型进行拟合.结果表明：在Cd²⁺初始浓度100mg/L，pH7，水稻秸秆添加量为10g/L，25℃条件下，7种改性水稻秸秆吸附Cd²⁺的效果不同，其中经KMnO₄改性的水稻秸秆对Cd²⁺的吸附效果最好，吸附量达10.024mg/g，对Cd²⁺的去除率达到99.24%，比未改性水稻秸秆提高了99.44%，其次是KOH和KOH+H₂O₂改性处理的水稻秸秆，吸附量分别达到了9.302和9.189mg/g，对Cd²⁺的去除率分别达92.62%和90.82%，比未改性水稻秸秆分别提高了85.07%和82.83%.改性处理水稻秸秆吸附Cd²⁺的效果顺序为：KMnO₄ > KOH > KOH+H₂O₂ > TiO₂ > H₂O₂ > 柠檬酸 > 酒石酸.对于Cd²⁺的吸附过程，准一级速率方程只能较好地描述吸附初始阶段，准二级动力学方程则能很好地描述吸附的整个过程.经KMnO₄，KOH和KOH+H₂O₂改性的水稻秸秆是具有潜在利用价值的废水中Cd²⁺吸附剂.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	梁昊
	罗朝晖
	赵海燕
	冯元韬
	梁永红
	徐茂

关键词 ：改性水稻秸秆, 吸附, Cd²⁺, 吸附动力学

Abstract：

Aiming at the reuse of discarded rice straw and its treatment of Cd²⁺ pollution in wastewater, rice straw was modified with KMnO₄,KOH, H₂O₂, KOH+H₂O₂, tartaric acid, citric acid, and TiO₂,and made as different types of rice straw sorbentsto adsorb Cd²⁺ in solution. These adsorbents were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectrometer, specific surface area and aperture analyzer, and Zeta potentiometer. The adsorption kinetic data were fitted with pseudo-first-order, modified pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. The results showed that, under the condition of initial Cd²⁺ concentration of 100mg/L, pH 7, adsorbent dosage of 10g/Lrice straw and adsorption temperature of 25℃, rice straw modified with KMnO₄ had thebest Cd²⁺ adsorption in the aqueous solution, and the adsorption capacity was 10.024mg/g Cd²⁺. Its percentage of removal of Cd²⁺ reached 99.24% and had an increase of 99.44% compared with unmodified rice straw. Followed by rice straw was modified with KOH and KOH+H₂O₂,their adsorption capacity for Cd²⁺ were 9.302mg/g and 9.189mg/g, percentage of removal of Cd²⁺ reached 92.62% and 90.82%, respectively. Compared with unmodified rice straw treatment, Cd²⁺ removal of rice straw modified with KOH and KOH+H₂O₂ had increases of by 85.07% and 82.83%, respectively. The adsorption order of modified rice straw treatments was:KMnO₄ > KOH > KOH+H₂O₂ > TiO₂ > H₂O₂ > citric acid > tartaric acid. It was found that quasi first order rate equation only described the initial stage of Cd²⁺ adsorption suitably, however, apseudo-second order kinetic model was the proper approach for describling the whole process of adsorption. Sum up, the rice straw modified by KMnO₄, KOH and KOH+H₂O₂ could be the potentially valuable adsorbents for absorbing Cd²⁺ in the wastewater solution.

Key words： modified rice straw adsorption Cd²⁺ adsorption kinetics

收稿日期: 2017-07-17

X712

基金资助:

农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201303089-8）

通讯作者: 罗朝晖,副教授,lzhui@njau.edu.cn;赵海燕,讲师,haiyanzhao@njau.edu.cn E-mail: lzhui@njau.edu.cn;haiyanzhao@njau.edu.cn

作者简介: 梁昊(1993-),男,安徽合肥人,南京农业大学硕士研究生,主要从事水中典型污染物修复技术.

引用本文:

梁昊, 罗朝晖, 赵海燕, 冯元韬, 梁永红, 徐茂. 7种改性水稻秸秆对溶液中Cd²⁺的吸附[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(2): 596-607. LIANG Hao, LUO Zhao-hui, ZHAO Hai-yan, FENG Yuan-tao, LIANG Yong-hong, XU Mao. The adsorption of Cd²⁺ in the aqueous solution by 7modified rice straws. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(2): 596-607.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2018/V38/I2/596

[1]	邹照华,何素芳,韩彩芸,等.吸附法处理重金属废水研究进展[J]. 环境保护科学, 2010,36(3):22-24.
[2]	林芳芳.改性花生壳对水中Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附特性研究[D]. 华南理工大学, 2011.
[3]	林晓燕,牟仁祥,曹赵云,等.耐镉细菌菌株的分离及其吸附镉机理研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2015,(9):1700-1706.
[4]	Nriagu J O, Pacyna J M. Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals[J]. Nature, 1988,333(6169):134-139.
[5]	Kumar P, Sohail A, Nath C, et al. Agro and Horticultural Wastes as Low Cost Adsorbents for Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater:A Review[J]. International Journal of Engineering Science, 2013,2:2319-182118.
[6]	文永林,刘攀,汤琪.农林废弃物吸附脱除废水中重金属研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016,35(4):1208-1215.
[7]	Johns M M, Marshall W E, Toles C A. Agricultural activated carbons for adsorbing dissolved metals and organics[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 1998,71(2):131-140.
[8]	Gao H, Liu Y, Zeng G, et al. Characterization of Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions by a surplus agricultural waste——rice straw.[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008,150(2):446-452.
[9]	唐剑武,郭怀成.环境承载力及其在环境规划中的初步应用[J]. 中国环境科学, 1997,17(1):6-9.
[10]	毕于运,王亚静,高春雨.我国秸秆焚烧的现状危害与禁烧管理对策[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2009,37(27):13181-13184.
[11]	朱彬,苏继锋,韩志伟,等.秸秆焚烧导致南京及周边地区一次严重空气污染过程的分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010,30(5):585-592.
[12]	尹聪,朱彬,曹云昌,等.秸秆焚烧影响南京空气质量的成因探讨[J]. 中国环境科学, 2011,31(2):207-213.
[13]	丁杨,张丽鑫,权跃,等.盐酸改性稻草秸秆对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2014,(31):11055-11057.
[14]	吴婉滢,姚广超,张晓文,等.改性稻草对钍的吸附行为[J]. 核技术, 2015,38(4):40301-040301.
[15]	Li W C, Law F Y, Chan Y H M. Biosorption studies on copper (Ⅱ) and cadmium (Ⅱ) using pretreated rice straw and rice husk[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017,24(10):8903.
[16]	Ding Y, Jing D, Gong H, et al. Biosorption of aquatic cadmium (Ⅱ) by unmodified rice straw.[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 114:20-25.
[17]	黄界颍,胡宏祥,伍震威,等.水稻、油菜秸秆对水中镉的吸附特性[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2015,15(4):244-249.
[18]	Nawar N, Ebrahim M, Sami E. Removal of Heavy Metals Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ from Wastewater by Using Rice Straw as Low Cost Adsorbent[J]. International Journal of Social Sciences & Education, 2013,2:85-95.
[19]	李瑞月,陈德,李恋卿,等.不同作物秸秆生物炭对溶液Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2015,34(5):1001-1008.
[20]	Kumar R, Obrai S, Sharma A. Biosorption of heavy metal ions by using modified waste tree bark material[J]. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012.3(1):720-726.
[21]	谢胜,李娟英,赵庆祥.磺胺类抗生素的活性炭吸附过程研究[J]. 环境工程学报, 2012,06(2):483-488.
[22]	关连珠,赵亚平,张广才,等.玉米秸秆生物质炭对外源金霉素的吸持与解吸[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012,45(24):5057-5064.
[23]	鲍艳宇,周启星,万莹,等.3种四环素类抗生素在褐土上的吸附和解吸[J]. 中国环境科学, 2010,30(10):1383-1388.
[24]	Venkata M S, Chandrasekhar R N, Karthikeyan J. Adsorptive removal of direct azo dye from aqueous phase onto coal based sorbents:a kinetic and mechanistic study[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002,90(2):189-204.
[25]	郭磊.改性稻秸对废水中铅、镉的吸附特征及其机制研究[D]. 沈阳农业大学, 2014.
[26]	Zhang Y, Banks C. A comparison of the properties of polyurethane immobilised Sphagnum, moss, seaweed, sunflower waste and maize for the biosorption of Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni in continuous flow packed columns[J]. Water Research, 2006,40(4):788-798.
[27]	王宇.利用农业秸秆制备阴离子吸附剂及其性能的研究[D]. 山东大学, 2007.
[28]	Cui X, Fang S, Yao Y, et al. Potential mechanisms of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by Canna indica derived biochar.[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,562:517-525.
[29]	马锋锋,赵保卫,刁静茹.小麦秸秆生物炭对水中Cd2+的吸附特性研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(2):551-559.
[30]	刘新,冷言冰,谷仕艳,等.油菜秸秆外壳对水溶液中六价铬的吸附作用[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(6):1740-1748.
[31]	于芳.小麦秸秆对溶液中铅、镉离子吸附性能的研究[D]. 西北大学, 2013.
[32]	安增莉,侯艳伟,蔡超,等.水稻秸秆生物炭对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性[J]. 环境化学, 2011,30(11):1851-1857.
[33]	黄色燕,刘云凤,曹威,等.改性稻草对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学[J]. 环境化学, 2013,32(2):240-248.
[34]	Xu X, Gao B, Wang W, et al. Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solutions onto modified wheat residue:Characteristics, kinetic and column studies[J]. Colloids & Surfaces B Biointerfaces, 2009,70(1):46-52.