Phosphorus adsorption index (PSI), phosphorus adsorption saturation (DPS) and phosphorus release risk index (ERI) were used to study the phosphorus adsorption capacity and potential release risk in surface sediments of Haizhou Bay in 2016 (October) and 2017 (May). The results showed PSI varied from 99.58 to 199.39[mgP/(100g)]/[μmol/L], DPS varied from 23.118% to 34.289% in 2016, while in 2017 PSI varied from 130.29 to 198.57[mgP/(100g)]/[μmol/L], DPS varied from 25.545% to 42.135%, which revealed PSI and DPS had opposite plane distribution trend. PSI had evidently positive correlation with Alox and Feox that indicated Alox, Feox were the main factors affecting the adsorption of phosphorus in surface sediments, and Feox played the Dominant role. DPS had remarkably negative correlation with Alox and extremely remarkably negative correlation with Feox,respectively, which illustrated the increasing of Alox and Feox could reduce the phosphorus adsorption saturation of surface sediments. ERI varied from 11.59% to 34.18% in 2016, and from 12.86% to 32.34% in 2017, respectively, that explained the risk of phosphorus release from surface sediments in Haizhou Bay was moderate as a whole.
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