芜湖市交通区表层土壤多环芳烃与黑碳研究

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (750 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要采集芜湖市交通区和对照绿地共40个表层土壤（0~5cm）样品.应用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）测定样品中26种多环芳烃（PAHs）及甲基多环芳烃的浓度，应用化学热氧化法（CTO-375，BC_CTO）、湿化学氧化法（K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄，BC_Cr）分别测定样品中黑碳（BC）的含量，分析交通区表层土壤PAHs、BC的分布特征、影响区域、相互关系，并利用石油污染指标、多特征比值、正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）对表层土壤样品中的PAHs进行来源解析.结果表明：表层土壤中PAHs、BC_Cr、BC_CTO的含量均值分别为3.63μg/g，10.23g/kg，2.93g/kg，浓度范围分别为0.075~28.76μg/g，3.78~27.13g/kg，1.07~10.36g/kg.土壤中PAHs、BC的浓度受距路远近影响，距路越近，浓度越高；且呈现出重要交通节点、路口 > 干路、支路 > 绿地的趋势，干支路无显著差异；车流量不是影响交通区土壤PAHs、BC浓度的决定因素，车辆的运行状态是其主导因素.土壤中PAHs以中高环为主.表层土壤中PAHs与两类BC都具有较好的相关性，对照绿地相关性不显著，表明BC对PAHs在土壤中的累积有重要影响，但受其他因素干扰.源解析表明表层土壤样品中PAHs主要来源于交通源.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	华德武
	汪青
	徐红
	董晓宁
	苏晨

关键词 ：芜湖, 交通区, 表层土壤, 多环芳烃, 黑碳, 源解析

Abstract：Concentrations of 26 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) including EPA 16 priority PAHs were determined in forty surface soils from traffic areas and control green spaces in Wuhu, China. Black carbon (BC) was also quantified by both methods of chemical oxidation (dichromate, BC_Cr) and chemo-thermal oxidation (CTO-375, BC_CTO). The distribution characteristics, affected areas of, and relationship between PAHs and BC were discussed. Besides, the sources of PAHs in the soil were analyzed by using the compositional analysis positional analysis, methyl phenanthrene index, and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that concentrations of PAHs, BC_Cr and BC_CTOranged from 0.075 to 28.76μg/g, 3.78 to 27.13g/kg, and 1.07 to 10.36g/kg, respectively. Concentrations of PAHs and BCs in the soil decreased with the distance from the road. There existed a clear trend in concentrations of PAHs and BCs:important traffic nodes≈intersections > main roads≈feeder roads > greenbelts. The traffic flow was not the dominated factor for the concentrations in the traffic areas, while the running state of the vehicle was the key factor. 4~6 rings PAHs, as expected, dominated in surface soil of traffic areas. Concentrations of PAHs in the surface soil of traffic area were significantly correlated with BC_Cr and BC_CTO rather than TOC, and those in the surface soil of greenbelts had no significant correlation with TOC, BC_Cr and BC_CTO. It was showed that BC had an important influence on the accumulation of PAHs in the soil, but was interfered by other factors. In addition, the PAHs in the soil samples mainly originated from the transportation source.

Key words： Wuhu traffic area surface soil PAHs black carbon source apportionment

收稿日期: 2017-11-23

X53

基金资助:安徽省自然科学基金资助项目（1608085QD84）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41101502）

作者简介: 华德武(1990-),男,安徽六安人,安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院硕士研究生,主要从事城市土壤有机污染物研究.

引用本文:

华德武, 汪青, 徐红, 董晓宁, 苏晨. 芜湖市交通区表层土壤多环芳烃与黑碳研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(6): 2253-2263. HUA De-wu, WANG Qing, XU Hong, DONG Xiao-ning, SU Chen. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon in surface soil from traffic areas in Wuhu, China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(6): 2253-2263.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2018/V38/I6/2253

[1]	Smedley J M, Williams A, Bartle K D. A mechanism for the formation of soot particles and soot deposits[J]. Combustion & Flame, 1992,91(1):71-82.
[2]	汪青.土壤和沉积物中黑碳的环境行为及效应研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2012,32(1):293-310.
[3]	Wild S R, Jones K C. Polynucleararomatic hydrocarbons in the United Kingdom environment:a preliminary source inventory and budget[J]. Environmental Pollution, 1995,88(1):91-108.
[4]	何跃,张甘霖.城市土壤有机碳和黑碳的含量特征与来源分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2006,43(2):177-182.
[5]	郑一,王学军,刘瑞民,等.天津地区土壤多环芳烃的克里格插值与污染评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2003,23(2):113-116.
[6]	Morillo E, Romero A S, Madrid L, et al. Characterization and Sources of PAHs and Potentially Toxic Metals in Urban Environments of Sevilla (Southern Spain)[J]. Water Air & Soil Pollution, 2008,187(1-4):41-51.
[7]	Wal R L V, Yezerets A, Currier N W, et al. HRTEM Study of diesel soot collected from diesel particulate filters[J]. Carbon, 2007,45(1):70-77.
[8]	Liu S, Xia X, Zhai Y, et al. Black carbon (BC) in urban and surrounding rural soils of Beijing, China:Spatial distribution and relationship with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)[J]. Chemosphere, 2011,82(2):223-8.
[9]	刘瑞民,王学军,陶澍,等.天津表层土壤PAHs分子标志物参数的空间特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2004,24(6):684-687.
[10]	倪进治,陈卫锋,杨红玉,等.福州市不同功能区土壤中多环芳烃的含量及其源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2012,32(5):921-926.
[11]	王迪,罗铭,张茜,等.天津西青区不同功能区土壤中多环芳烃分布特征研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012,31(12):2374-2380.
[12]	杜芳芳,杨毅,刘敏,等.上海市表层土壤中多环芳烃的分布特征与源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(4):989-995.
[13]	Mielke H W, Wang G, Gonzales C R, et al. PAHs and metals in the soils of inner-city and suburban New Orleans, Louisiana, USA[J]. Environmental Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2004, 18(3):243-247.
[14]	章迪,曹善平,孙建林,等.深圳市表层土壤多环芳烃污染及空间分异研究[J]. 环境科学, 2014,35(2):711-718.
[15]	Jiang Y F, Yves U J, Sun H, et al. Distribution, compositional pattern and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of an industrial city, Lanzhou, China[J]. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 2016,126(7):154-162.
[16]	刘营,刘敏,杨毅,等.上海市中心城区樟树叶片中多环芳烃的分布及来源辨析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(7):1855-1862.
[17]	向丽,李迎霞,史江红,等.北京城区道路灰尘重金属和多环芳烃污染状况探析[J]. 环境科学, 2010,31(1):159-167.
[18]	刘炎坤,汪青,刘敏,等.上海市大气沉降物中多环芳烃赋存特征及其来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(9):2605-2614.
[19]	芜湖市统计局.芜湖市统计年鉴[M]. 合肥:时代出版传媒股份有限公司黄山书社, 2015-2016.
[20]	Kwon H O, Choi S D. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils from a multi-industrial city, South Korea[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014,470-471(2):1494-1501.
[21]	Chen M, Huang P, Chen L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from Urumqi, China:distribution, source contributions, and potential health risks[J]. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 2013,185(7):5639-5651.
[22]	Singh D P, Gadi R, Mandal T K. Levels, Sources, and Toxic Potential of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soil of Delhi, India[J]. Human & Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal, 2012,18(2):393-411.
[23]	Peng C, Chen W, Liao X, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Beijing:status, sources, distribution and potential risk[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011,159(3):802-808.
[24]	Yu G, Zhang Z, Yang G, et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Hangzhou:status, distribution, sources, and potential risk[J]. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 2014,186(5):2775-2784.
[25]	何奉朋,张枝焕,汪淑洁.多环芳烃在土壤剖面中迁移行为的土柱淋滤模拟研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2009,29(5):988-996.
[26]	姚林林,张彩香,李佳乐,等.污灌区土壤中多环芳烃的垂直分布及可能来源[J]. 环境科学, 2013,34(4):1553-1560.
[27]	胡伟,钟秦,袁青青,等.不同类型机动车尾气中的多环芳烃含量分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2008,28(12):2493-2498.
[28]	Chu S G, Liu H, Ma L L, et al. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Adjacent to Highways in Beijing, People's Republic of China[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2003,70(5):0972-0977.
[29]	Glaser B, Dreyer A, Bock M, et al. Source apportionment of organic pollutants of a highway-traffic-influenced urban area in Bayreuth (Germany) using biomarker and stable carbon isotope signatures[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005,39(11):3911-3917.
[30]	Suman S, Sinha A, Tarafdar A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration levels, pattern, source identification and soil toxicity assessment in urban traffic soil of Dhanbad, India[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015,545-546(68):353-360.
[31]	Nam J J, Gustafsson O, Kurtkarakus P, et al. Relationships between organic matter, black carbon and persistent organic pollutants in European background soils:Implications for sources and environmental fate[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2008,156(3):809-817.
[32]	张娟,吴建芝,刘燕.北京市绿地土壤多环芳烃分布及健康风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(3):1146-1153.
[33]	He F P, Zhang Z H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsin soils of Beijing and Tianjin region:Vertical distribution,correlation with TOC and transport mechanism[J]. Environmental Science, 2009, 21(5):675-685.
[34]	费佳佳,张枝焕,万甜甜,等.有机碳含量对多环芳烃在土壤剖面残留及迁移的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2017,32(5):1-14.
[35]	Simpson C D, Mosi A A, Cullen W R, et al. Composition and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination in surficial marine sediments from Kitimat Harbor, Canada[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 1996,181(3):265-278.
[36]	Wang Q, Min L, Yu Y P, et al. Black carbon in soils from different land use areas of Shanghai, China:level, sources and relationship with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2014,47(8):36-43.
[37]	罗孝俊,陈社军,麦碧娴,等.珠江及南海北部海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布及来源[J]. 环境科学, 2005,26(4):129-133.
[38]	Yunker M B, Macdonald R W, Goyette D, et al. Naturalanthropogenic inputs of hydrocarbons to the Strait of Georgia[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 1999,225(3):181-209.
[39]	Bragato M, Joshi K, Carlson J B, et al. Combustion of coal, bagasse and blends thereof Part Ⅱ:Speciation of PAH emissions[J]. Fuel, 2011,90(7):51-58.
[40]	Ye B, Zhang Z, Mao T. Pollution sources identification of PAHs of soil in Tianjin area, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2006,64:525-534.
[41]	Guarieiro A L N, Santos J V D S, Eiguren-Fernandez A, et al. Redox activity and PAH content in size-classified nanoparticles emitted by a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel and diesel blends[J]. Fuel, 2014,116(1):490-497.