Pollution and deposition characteristics of precipitation in Chongqing
HOU Si-yu1, YU Xing-na1, GONG Ke-jian2, WANG Guo-zhen1, NIU Xi1, LI Mei3
1. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
2. Meteorological Observatory of Ningxia Substation Northwest Air Traffic Management Bureau Civil Aviation Administration of China, Yinchuan 750009, China;
3. Kunshan Hexin Mass Spectrometry Technology Limited Company, Kunshan 215300, China
The precipitation conductivity, pH value and water-soluble ion concentration of precipitation in Chongqing from 2002 to 2016 were studied based on the wet deposition data from Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). The acidification of rainfall at rural site of Chongqing was serious, while precipitation pollution at urban site was serious. Average concentrations of water-soluble ions in precipitation at urban and rural sites reached 627.00μeq/L and 480.14μeq/L, respectively. The average concentrations of SO42-, NH4+ and Ca2+ at urban site was 1.21~1.47times higher than those at rural site. The ratio of SO42- to NO3- indicated that the type of precipitation in Chongqing changed from sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid-nitric acid mixed type. The main ion deposition at urban site was relatively high and about 1.14times that of the rural site. The inorganic nitrogen deposition in precipitation varied from 17.59kg/(hm2·a) to 47.31kg/(hm2·a) and was dominated by ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N). The average deposition of NH4+-N was about twice as much as that of NO3--N, indicating serious NH3/NH4+-N pollution in Chongqing.
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