Study on ultra-low emission improvements for municipal solid waste incineration plants
ZHU Run-ru1, HUANG Yun1, WAN Wei2, YAO Hua1, WEN Zong-guo3
1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
2. Beijing Enterprises Environment Group Limited, Beijing 100086, China;
3. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
The current status of existing flue gas purification systems of the municipal waste incineration power plants was analysed in this paper. Two feasible ultra-low emission improvement technical routes were proposed, i.e. circulating fluidized bed desulfurization and high efficiency synergistic wet desulfurization technology, based on the similarity of the flue gas properties between the coal-fired power plant and the municipal waste incineration power plant and the advantages of the ultra-low emission systems of the coal-fired plant. Further, the capital and operational costs of the two corresponding technical routes were evaluated. The results indicated that the capital investments of the two technical routes were equivalent, about 13700yuan per ton. For the operating cost, the route based on wet desulfurization was higher, about 16.46yuan per ton. If the government adopts the policy of environmental electricity price subsidy, the capital expenditures caused by the ultra-low emission improvement investment and operation of these two routes could be made up for within three years and seven years, respectively.
魏潇潇,王小铭,李蕾,等.1979~2016年中国城市生活垃圾产生和处理时空特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(10):3833-3843. Wei X X, Wang X M, Li L, et al. Temporal and spatial characteristics of municipal solid waste generation and treatment in China from 1979 to 2016[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(10):3833-3843.
[2]
岑可法,倪明江,严建华,等.可燃固体废弃物能源化利用技术[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2016:224-225. Cen K F, Ni M J, Yan J H, et al. Technologies of Combustible Solid Waste to Energy[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2016:224-225.
[3]
白良成.生活垃圾焚烧处理工程技术[M]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009:260-262. Bai L C. Engineering technology of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration[M]. Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press, 2009:260-262.
[4]
方朝军,任超峰,王武忠,等.浅析大容量生活垃圾循环流化床焚烧炉的技术特点与调试运行[J]. 工业锅炉, 2019,3:37-40. Fang C J, Ren C F, Wang W Z, et al. Technical characteristics and commissioning operation of large capacity circulating fluidized bed incinerator for domestic waste[J]. Industrial Boilers, 2019,3:37-40.
[5]
齐剑英,张海龙,方建德,等.垃圾焚烧设施周边环境空气重金属分布特征及呼吸暴露风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013,33(S1):113-118. Qi J Y, Zhang H L, Fang J D, et al. Characterization of airborne particulate metals in the surroundings of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) in the Nanshan Shenzhen and health risk assessment via inhalation exposure[J]. China Environmental Science, 2013,33(S1):113-118.
[6]
McKay G. Dioxin characterisation formation and minimisation during municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration:review[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2002,86:343-368.
[7]
Linak W P, Wendt, J O L. Toxic metal emissions from incineration:mechanisms and control[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1993,19:145-185.
[8]
Lu J W, Zhang S K, Hai J, et al. Status and perspectives of municipal solid waste incineration in China:A comparison with developed regions.[J]. Waste Management, 2017,69:170-186.
[9]
GB 18485-2014生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准[S]. GB 18485-2014 Standard for pollution control on the municipal solid waste incineration[S].
[10]
中国电力行业年度发展报告[R]. 北京:中国电力企业联合会, 2017. China Power Industry Annual Development Report[R]. Beijing:China Electricity Council, 2017.
[11]
中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴2018[M]. 北京:中华人民共和国国家统计局, 2018:249. National Bureau of Statistics of China. China Statistical Yearbook 2018[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press, 2018:249.
[12]
崔建升,屈加豹,伯鑫,等.基于在线监测的2015年中国火电排放清单[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(6):2062-2074. Cui J S, Qu J B, Bo X, et al. High resolution power emission inventory for China based on CEMS in 2015.[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(6):2062-2074.
Reference document on the best available techniques for waste Incineration[Z]. EU:IPPC Bureau, 2006:102.
[15]
CJJ 90-2002生活垃圾焚烧处理工程技术规范[S]. CJJ 90-2002 Technical code for Projects of Municipal Waste Incineration[S].
[16]
GB/T 29152-2012垃圾焚烧尾气处理设备[S]. GB/T 29152-2012 Flue gas cleaning system for municipal solid waste incineration[S].
[17]
RSIN-TG022-2016生活垃圾清洁焚烧指南[S].RSIN-TG022-2016 Municipal solid waste clean incineration guideline[S].
[18]
RSIN-TGO016-2014生活垃圾流化床焚烧工程技术导则[S]. RSIN-TGO016-2014 Technical guideline on municipal solid waste fluidized bed incineration[S].
[19]
郝吉明,段雷,易红宏,等.燃烧源可吸入颗粒物的物理化学特征[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2008:vi. Hao J M, Duan L, Yi H H, et al. Physical and chemical characteristics of inhalable particulate matter from combustion sources[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2008:vi.
[20]
Energy from waste reference projects since 2000[R]. EU:Hitachi Zosen Inova AG, 2017.
[21]
EPA air pollution control cost manual[R]. USA:EPA, 2002.
[22]
Public comments on the proposed revisions to section 4.2chapter 2(SCR) of the control cost manual[R]. USA:EPA, 2017.
[23]
赵宗让.电厂锅炉SCR烟气脱硝系统设计优化[J]. 中国电力, 2005,38(11):69-74. Zhao Z R. Design optimization of SCR system for coal-fired boilers[J]. Electric Power, 2005,38(11):69-74.
[24]
GB 13223-2011火电厂大气污染物排放标准[S]. GB 13223-2011 Emission standard of air pollutants for thermal power plants[S].
[25]
Yuan Y, Li S Q, Li G D, et al. The transition of heterogeneous-homogeneous ignitions of dispersed coal particle streams[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2014,161:2458-2468
[26]
HJ 2310-2017火电厂污染防治可行技术指南[S]. HJ 2310-2017 Guideline of available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant[S].
[27]
HJ 2053-2018燃煤电厂超低排放烟气治理工程技术规范[S]. HJ 2053-2018 Technical specifications for flue gas ultra-low emission engineering of coal-fired power plant[S].
[28]
HJ 888-2018污染源源强核算技术指南-火电[S]. HJ 888-2018 Technical guidelines of accounting method for pollution source intensity-Thermal power plant[S].
[29]
李晓东,陆胜勇,徐旭,等.中国部分城市生活垃圾热值的分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2001,21(2):156-160. Li X D, Lu S Y, Xu X, et al. Analysis on caloric value of Chinese cities' municipal solid waste[J]. China Environmental Science, 2001, 21(2):156-160.
[30]
孙晓杰,徐迪民,李雄,等.上海城市生活垃圾的组成及热值分析[J]. 同济大学学报, 2008,36(3):356-361. Sun X J, Xu D M, Li X, et al. Analysis of composition and caloric value of municipal solid waste in Shanghai[J]. Journal of Tongji University, 2008,36(3):356-361.
[31]
王桂琴,张红玉,王典,等.北京市城区生活垃圾组成及特性分析[J]. 环境工程, 2018,36(4):132-136. Wang G Q, Zhang H Y, Wang D, et al. Physical composition and characteristics analysis of the municipal solid waste (MSW) in Bijing[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2018,36(4):132-136.
[32]
van Kessel L B M, Arendsen A R J, Brem G. On-line determination of the calorific value of solid fuels[J]. Fuel, 2004,83:59-71.
[33]
中国环境保护产业协会.燃煤电厂烟气超低排放技术[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社, 2015:72. China Association of Environmental Protection Industry. Technology of flue gas ultra-low emission for coal-fired power plant[M]. Beijing:Chian Electric Power Press, 2015:72.
[34]
李程.天津滨海新区第一垃圾焚烧发电厂项目后评价研究[D]. 保定:华北电力大学, 2013. Li C. The post evaluation of the first waste-to-energy plant in Tianjin Binhai new area[D]. Baoding:North China Electric Power University, 2013.
[35]
李广彦.垃圾焚烧发电项目经济技术评价研究-以大港垃圾焚烧发电项目为例[D]. 天津:天津大学, 2015. Li G Y. Research on Waste Incineration for Power Generation Project's Techno-economic appraisal-Dagang waste incineration power generation project for example[D]. Tianjing:Tianjing University, 2015.
[36]
刘剑.我国垃圾焚烧发电项目的技术经济评价研究[D]. 长春:吉林大学经济学院, 2013. Liu J. Research on trash-buring power generation project's technoeconomic appraisal in China[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2013.
[37]
李军辉,吴新,刘道洁,等.不同处理方法对硅灰稳固化垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(11):4198-4204. Li J H, Wu X, Liu D J, et al. Effects of different treatment methods on the stabilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash using silica fume[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(11):4198-4204.
[38]
刘建,何亮,骆成杰,等.生活垃圾焚烧飞灰固化体重金属动态浸出规律[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(3):1087-1093. Liu J, He L, Luo C J, et al. Dynamic leaching rule of heavy metals in solidified body of fly ash from MSW incineration[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(3):1087-1093.