In order to reveal the characteristics of odorous compounds released during the collection and transportation of municipal solid waste, typical compression and uncompressed vehicles for waste collection were monitored for 12months. 75kinds of odorous compounds were detected and classified into 6categories, among which the oxygenated compounds dominated by ethanol accounted for the highest proportion in concentration with the average concentration of higher than 360μg/m3. The corresponding odor pollution was more significant in autumn than that in winter. According to the statistical analysis of all the monitored data, there was no significant difference in type and concentration of odorous compounds between the compressed and uncompressed vehicles for waste collection. Five typical odorous compounds, including ethanol, naphthalene, dichloromethane, dimethyl disulfide and acrolein, were identified by using dilution multiple method. Due to the low olfactory threshold, the sulfur compounds can easily be detected by human even in very low concentrations, and should be paid more attention to during odor pollution control. This study provides important scientific information for the secondary pollution control of solid waste collection, transportation and management.
徐颖杰, 徐安坤, 常慧敏, 谭豪波, 王颖, 赵岩. 基于监测统计的垃圾收运车恶臭污染释放特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(4): 1444-1452.
XU Ying-jie, XU An-kun, CHANG Hui-min, TAN Hao-bo, WANG Ying, ZHAO Yan. Releasing characteristics of odor pollution from collection and transportation vehicles for municipal solid waste based on monitoring and statistics. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(4): 1444-1452.
赵岩,陆文静,王洪涛,等.城市固体废物处理处置设施恶臭污染评估指标体系研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(7):1804-1810. Zhao Y, Lu W J, Wang H T, et al. Evaluation index system of odor pollution for municipal solid waste treatment facilities[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(7):1804-1810.
[2]
Guo H, Duan Z, Zhao Y, et al. Characteristics of volatile compound emission and odor pollution from municipal solid waste treating/disposal facilities of a city in Eastern China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017,24(22):18383-18391.
[3]
Blazy V, De Guardia A, Benoist J C, et al. Correlation of chemical composition and odor concentration for emissions from pig slaughterhouse sludge composting and storage[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,276(398-409).
[4]
Liu Y J, Lu W J, Guo H W, et al. Aromatic compound emissions from municipal solid waste landfill:Emission factors and their impact on air pollution[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016,139(205-213).
[5]
Aatamila M, Verkasalo P K, Korhonen M J, et al. Odour annoyance and physical symptoms among residents living near waste treatment centers[J]. Environmental Research, 2011,111(1):164-170.
[6]
Aakinson R. Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2000,34(2063-2101).
[7]
Liu Y J, Lu W J, Li D, et al. Estimation of volatile compounds emission rates from the working face of a large anaerobic landfill in China using a wind tunnel system[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,111(213-221).
[8]
王连生,王亘,韩萌,等.天津市城市垃圾臭气成分谱[J]. 城市环境与城市生态, 2009,22(2):19-23. Wang L S, Wang G, Han M, et al. Odor ingredient spectrum of urban trash in Tianjin[J]. Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 2009, 22(2):19-23.
[9]
Wu C D, Liu J M, Liu S H, et al. Assessment of the health risks and odor concentration of volatile compounds from a municipal solid waste landfill in China[J]. Chemosphere, 2018,202(1-8).
[10]
Cheng Z, Sun Z, Zhu S, et al. The identification and health risk assessment of odor emissions from waste landfilling and composting[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,649(1038-1044).
[11]
Komilis D P, Ham R K, Park J K. Emission of volatile organic compounds during composting of municipal solid wastes[J]. Water Research, 2004,38(7):1707-1714.
[12]
Scaglia B, Orzi V, Artola A, et al. Odours and volatile organic compounds emitted from municipal solid waste at different stage of decomposition and relationship with biological stability[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011,102(7):4638-4645.
[13]
Pierucci P, Porazzi E, Martinez M P, et al. Volatile organic compounds produced during the aerobic biological processing of municipal solid waste in a pilot plant[J]. Chemosphere, 2005,59(3):423-430.
[14]
Duan Z H, Lu W J, Li D, et al. Temporal variation of trace compound emission on the surface of a landfill in Beijing, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,88(230-238).
[15]
Fang J J, Yang N, Cen D Y, et al. Odor compounds from different sources of landfill:Characterization and source identification[J]. Waste Manage, 2012,32(7):1401-1410.
[16]
Naddeo V, Zarra T, Oliva G, et al. Odour impact assessment of a large municipal solid waste landfill under different working phases[J]. Global Nest Journal, 2018,20(3):654-658.
[17]
Sun Z, Cheng Z, Wang L, et al. The typical MSW odorants identification and the spatial odorants distribution in a large-scale transfer station[J]. Environmental Science And Pollution Research, 2017,24(8):7705-7713.
[18]
Curren J, Hallis S A, Snyder C C L, et al. Identification and quantification of nuisance odors at a trash transfer station[J]. Waste Manage, 2016,58(52-61).
[19]
何品晶,曾阳,唐家富,等.城市生活垃圾初期降解挥发性有机物释放特征[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2010,38(6):854-869. He P J, Zeng Y, Tang J F, et al. Emission of volatile organic compounds during initial decomposition phase of municipal solid waste[J]. Journal of Tongji University Natural Science, 2010,38(6):854-869.
[20]
方晶晶,章骅,吕凡,等.生活垃圾收运过程中恶臭暴露的健康风险评估[J]. 中国环境科学, 2015,35(3):906-916. Fang J J, Zhang H, Lu F, et al. Health risk assessment of exposure to odorous pollutants emitted from the transportation process of MSW[J]. China Environmental Science, 2015,35(3):906-916.
[21]
张海波.城市生活垃圾社区收运系统评价研究[D]. 成都:西南交通大学, 2017. Zhang H B. Evaluation research on communal municipal solid waste collection and transportation system[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University, 2017.
[22]
Eitzer B D. Emissions of volatile organic-chemicals from municipal solid-waste composting facilities[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1995,29(4):896-902.
[23]
柏芳燕,邢建润.关于城市生活垃圾运输污染现状的研究[J]. 山东工业技术, 2014,23:247. Bai F Y, Xing J R. Study on the pollution of municipal solid waste in transportation[J]. Shandong Industrial Technology, 2014,23:247.
[24]
Zhao Y, Lu W J, Wang H. Volatile trace compounds released from municipal solid waste at the transfer stage:Evaluation of environmental impacts and odour pollution[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015,300(695-701).
[25]
USEPA. Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air collected in specially-prepared canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography-ass spectrometry (GCMS)[M]. USA:USEPA, 1999.
[26]
GB/T14678-1993空气质量硫化氢、甲硫醇、甲硫醚和二甲二硫的测定气相色谱法[S]. GB/T14678-1993 Air quality-determination of sulfuretted hydrogen, methyl sulfhydryl, dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide-Gas chromatography[S].
[27]
HJ 759-2015环境空气挥发性有机物的测定罐采样/气相色谱-质谱法[S]. HJ 759-2015 Ambient air-Determination of volatile organic compounds -Collected by specially-prepared canistersand analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry[S].
[28]
Nagata Y, Takeuchi N. Measurement of odor threshold by triangle odor bag method[J]. Odor measurement review, 2003,118:118-127.
