雄安新区富硒土地资源分布特征及开发利用评价

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摘要采集雄安新区表层土壤样品（0~20cm）、大宗农作物（小麦籽实）及根系土样品，利用GIS空间分析、相关分析等方法对土壤硒含量分布、富集特征及影响因素进行分析，基于生态位适宜性评价理论模型开展富硒土地资源开发利用适宜性评价.结果表明：新区表层富硒土地16993hm²，土壤中硒赋存形态以强有机结合态为主，其次为残渣态和腐殖酸结合态，三者占土壤硒总量的87%以上，生物可利用态硒含量所占比例相对较小（水溶态硒占比4.44%、离子交换态硒占比3.43%）.小麦籽实样品富硒率28.45%，籽实中硒含量与根系土壤中硒含量具有显著相关性（r=0.77，P<0.01）.土壤硒富集主要受第四纪沉积地貌环境的影响，此外灌溉水、化肥和大气干湿沉降（燃煤降尘）等外源输入也影响贫化富集.土壤硒含量与沉积地貌环境“标志性”土壤指标Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、MgO和K₂O含量，土壤有机碳（Corg.）、阳离子交换量（CEC）、黏粒和粉粒含量等具有显著正相关关系，与SiO₂、Na₂O含量和土壤砂粒含量等具有显著负相关关系（P<0.01）.基于生态位评价理论模型，新区富硒土地资源开发利用适宜性评价结果表明：高适宜区（Ⅰ级）和中适宜区（Ⅱ级）主要位于新区西北容城县南张镇和小里镇、安新县寨里乡和老河头镇等地，土地面积为14397.35hm²，占新区规划总面积的8.13%.

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	周亚龙
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关键词 ：硒, 土壤, 根系土, 农作物, 适宜性评价, 雄安新区

Abstract：Surface soil samples (0~20cm), bulk crops (wheat seeds) and root soil samples were collected from Xiong'an New District for characterizing the distribution and enrichment of soil selenium through GIS spatial analysis, correlation analysis, etc. Then, the suitability assessment of development and utilization of selenium-rich land resources was carried out with the theory model of niche suitability evaluation. The results show that the surface selenium-rich land in the new area is about 16993hm²; and the soil selenium is mainly in the form of strong organic binding, then in the residue and humic acid binding state, together accounting for more than 87% of the total pool. The proportion of average bioavailable selenium content is relatively small (water-soluble selenium accounts for 4.44%, ion-exchange selenium accounts for 3.43%). The selenium-enriched rate in wheat seed samples is 28.45% and significantly correlated with that in root soil (r=0.77,P<0.01). The content of soil selenium has a significant positive correlation with "signature" soil indicators of sedimentary geomorphological environment, such as the content of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO, K₂O, soil organic carbon (Corg.), cation exchange capacity (CEC), clay and silt, and negatively correlated with the content of SiO₂、Na₂O and soil sand (P<0.01). Obviously, the enrichment of soil selenium is mainly affected by Quaternary sedimentary geomorphic environment even though its anomaly could be related to external sources such as irrigation water, chemical fertilizers, atmospheric dry and wet deposition (coal burning and dust reduction). And the niche theory modeling results show that the high-suitability areas (level I) and the moderately suitable areas (level II) are mainly present in Nanzhang and Xiaoli Town of Rongcheng County, Zhaili and Laohetou Town of Anxin County in the northwest of the new area, covering an area of 14397.35hm², or accounting for 8.13% of the area.

Key words： selenium soil root soil crop suitability evaluation Xiongan New District

收稿日期: 2022-01-04

PACS:

X53

基金资助:中国地质调查局地调项目（DD20189123，DD20190518）

通讯作者: 郭志娟,高级工程师,gzhijuan@mail.cgs.gov.cn E-mail: gzhijuan@mail.cgs.gov.cn

作者简介: 周亚龙(1984-),男,湖北武汉人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事环境地球化学研究.发表论文40余篇.

引用本文:

周亚龙, 郭志娟, 王乔林, 王成文, 宋云涛, 刘飞. 雄安新区富硒土地资源分布特征及开发利用评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(8): 3913-3921. ZHOU Ya-long, GUO Zhi-juan, WANG Qiao-lin, WANG Cheng-wen, SONG Yun-tao, LIU Fei. Distribution characteristics and utilization evaluation of selenium-rich land resources in Xiong'an New District. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(8): 3913-3921.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I8/3913

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