基于微生物完整性指数的水生态系统健康评价——以武汉市东西湖区湖泊群为例

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摘要在基于生物完整性指数(IBI)的生态系统健康评价中,通常会采用鱼类、底栖生物、着生藻类作为指示物种.然而,随着生态退化影响下生产者和消费者的数量锐减,可获得用于评价样本的数量越来越少,这就使得上述指示物种作为健康评价指标的可应用性大大降低.以武汉市东西湖区5个湖泊为研究对象,利用环境DNA(eDNA)技术监测的水体微生物数据,建立微生物完整性指数(M-IBI)评价方法.综合水质和实地生境条件对采样点健康状况进行评分和比较,选择甘家教湖的5个采样点作为参考点.结合遴选的6个重要的生物指标,构建了生态系统健康评价打分方法. 研究结果显示在全部19个采样点中,7个健康等级为健康,占36.84%;8个健康等级为亚健康,占42.11%;4个健康等级为一般,占21.05%,甘家教湖和杨泗泾湖所有采样点均为健康水平.评价结果合理地反映了不同湖泊的健康状况,说明基于eDNA的M-IBI方法在受损湖泊水生态系统健康评价中具有广泛的应用潜力.

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关键词 ：生物完整性指数, 环境DNA, 微生物群落, 湖泊生态系统健康, 城市湖泊

Abstract：In the assessment of ecosystem health based on Index of Integrity (IBI), fish, benthic organisms, and living algae are often used as indicators. However, the number of samples available for assessment has become lesser with a sharp decrease in the producers and consumers. Here, five lakes in Dongxihu District of Wuhan City were taken as the research area, and the Microbe IBI (M-IBI) evaluation approach was established by using the water microorganism data obtained with the environmental DNA (eDNA) technology. After comparing and scoring the water quality and field habitat conditions, five sampling points in Ganjiajiao Lake were selected as the reference; and six important biological indicators were selected to develop the ecosystem health scoring and evaluation approach. The results show that among all the 19sampling points, 7sites were evaluated being healthy, accounting for 36.84%; 8sites being sub-healthy, accounting for 42.11%; and 4sites being general, accounting for 21.05%. All the sites in Ganjiajiao Lake and Yangsijing Lake were at the health level. The evaluation results can reasonably reflect the health status of different lakes, indicating a wide application potential of the eDNA-based M-IBI method in the health assessment of degraded lake ecosystems.

Key words： index of biotic integrity environmental DNA microbial community lake ecosystem health urban lakes

收稿日期: 2022-09-15

PACS:

X524

基金资助:湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2019ACA154)资助

通讯作者: 张鹏,副教授,zhang1230@whu.edu.cn E-mail: zhang1230@whu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张迪涛(2000-)男,安徽芜湖人,武汉大学水利水电学院本科生,主要从事生态水利方向研究.2047432292@qq.com

引用本文:

张迪涛, 张鹏, 王司阳, 张亮, 常剑波. 基于微生物完整性指数的水生态系统健康评价——以武汉市东西湖区湖泊群为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(6): 3055-3067. ZHANG Di-tao, ZHANG Peng, WANG Si-yang, ZHANG Liang, CHANG Jian-bo. Health assessment of aquatic ecosystem based on microbial integrity index——A case study on lakes in Dongxihu District of Wuhan. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 3055-3067.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I6/3055

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