西北煤电集聚区不同水体水化学特征及氟成因

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摘要为探明西北煤电集聚区不同水体水化学特征以及氟离子分布成因,以鄂尔多斯市补连塔矿区为研究对象,采用Piper三线图、主成分分析、相关性分析等方法,对采集的55个水样进行测试,结合非致癌健康评价模型对地下水中氟离子进行健康风险评估.结果表明:所有水样均呈现出弱碱性;Na⁺、SO₄^2-是地表水以及深层地下水的优势离子,浅层地下水的优势离子为Ca²⁺和HCO₃^-;地表水的水化学类型主要以SO₄·Cl-Na和HCO₃·SO₄-Na型为主,浅层地下水的化学类型较多,主要以SO₄·Cl-Na·Ca、HCO₃-Na·Mg、HCO₃-Mg和SO₄·Cl-Ca型为主,深层地下水则以HCO₃·SO₄-Ca和SO₄-Na型为主;其水化学特征主要受硅酸盐风化溶解作用影响,同时采煤活动促进了不同水体之间水化学转化;地表水、浅层地下水与深层地下水中F^-变化范围分别在0.16~4.82, 0~0.69, 0.08~6.26mg/L,地下水中F^-有19.35%的风险指数超过HQ=1,推测该地区地下水的高氟现象对人类健康产生一定的影响.

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关键词 ：地下水, 地表水, 水化学特征, 主成分分析, 氟离子

Abstract：In order to explore the hydrochemical characteristics of different water bodies and the causes of fluorine ion distribution in the Northwest coal-electricity agglomeration area, the Bulianta mining area in Ordos City was taken as the research object. The Piper three-line diagram, principal component analysis, correlation analysis and other methods were used to test the collected 55water samples, and the non-carcinogenic health assessment model was used to evaluate the health risk of fluorine ions in groundwater. The results show that all water samples were weakly alkaline; Na⁺ and SO₄^2- were the dominant ions of surface water and deep groundwater, and the dominant ions of shallow groundwater were Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^-. The hydrochemical types of surface water were mainly SO₄Cl-Na and HCO₃SO₄-Na. There are many chemical types of shallow groundwater, mainly SO₄Cl-Na·Ca, HCO₃-Na·Mg, HCO₃-Mg and SO₄Cl-Ca, while the deep groundwater is mainly HCO₃SO₄-Ca and SO₄-Na. Its hydrochemical characteristics are mainly due to the influence of silicate weathering and dissolution, and coal mining activities promote the interaction between different water bodies. The variation ranges of F-in surface water, shallow groundwater and deep layer were respectively 0.16 ~4.82, 0~0.69, 0.08~6.26mg/L in surface water, shallow groundwater and deep layer, respectively. 19.35% of the risk index of F^- in groundwater exceeded HQ=1, and it is assumed that the high fluorine phenomenon in groundwater in this area has certain impacts on human health.

Key words： groundwater surface water hydrochemical characteristics principal component analysis fluorideions

收稿日期: 2023-11-30

PACS:

X523

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52369003);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2023LHMS04011);准格尔旗应用技术研究与开发项目(2023YY-19);内蒙古自治区科技领军人才团队(2022LJRC0007);内蒙古农业大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助(BR22-12-04)

通讯作者: 黄磊,副教授,lei_huang@yeah.net E-mail: lei_huang@yeah.net

作者简介: 韩萱(1998-),女,内蒙古赤峰人,内蒙古农业大学硕士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源的学习与研究.发表论文5篇.2052713422@qq.com.

引用本文:

韩萱, 黄磊, 刘廷玺, 侯泽明, 李艳娜, 许江. 西北煤电集聚区不同水体水化学特征及氟成因[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(7): 3810-3822. HAN Xuan, HUANG Lei, LIU Ting-xi, HOU Ze-ming, LI Yan-na, XU Jiang. Hydrochemical characteristics and fluorine genesis of different water bodies in coal-fired power agglomeration area of Northwest China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(7): 3810-3822.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I7/3810

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