典型引调水受水流域氮时空分布特征及硝酸盐来源解析——以汾河水库上游流域为例

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摘要对万家寨引黄水受水区汾河水库上游流域氮时空分布特征进行了考察,识别了其硝酸盐来源,并针对引黄水对本流域的影响进行了分析.结果表明:流域各县四季TN浓度均值为3.67mg/L,TN中NO₃^--N平均占比>70%;空间上,宁武县TN浓度均值最高,沿程逐渐降低;时间上,秋、冬季TN浓度较高,夏季较低,调水期引黄水所携带的氮是流域内氮的最主要来源.定性分析发现各污染源的混合过程是影响氮迁移的主要因素.经MixSIAR模型定量计算,各类来源对NO₃^--N的平均贡献率由大到小依次是散排及点源污水(39.3%)>牲畜粪便(18.7%)>化学肥料(18.2%)>土壤有机氮(17.7%)>大气氮沉降(6.1%).引黄水中,秋季散排及点源污水、春季化学肥料的硝酸盐贡献率明显高于本地支流,引黄水对汇入口下游干流断面硝酸盐来源影响较大.

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	杨晓宇
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关键词 ：硝酸盐, 汾河水库上游流域, 氮氧同位素, 引黄水, MixSIAR模型, 来源解析

Abstract：This study investigated the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen in the upstream basin of the Fenhe River Reservoir in the receiving area of the Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project. It identified the sources of nitrate and analyzed the impact of Yellow River water diversion on the local basin. Results indicated that the mean concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in each county of the basin was 3.67mg/L throughout the four seasons, with nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃^--N) accounting for over 70% of TN on average. Spatially, Ningwu County had the highest mean TN concentration, which gradually decreased downstream. Temporally, TN concentrations were higher in autumn and winter and lower in summer, with nitrogen carried by Yellow River water during the diversion period being the primary nitrogen source in the basin. Qualitative analysis revealed that the mixing process of various pollution sources was the main factor affecting nitrogen migration. Quantitative calculations using the MixSIAR model showed that the average contribution rates of various sources to NO₃^--N were as follows, from highest to lowest: wastewater discharge and point sources (39.3%) > livestock manure (18.7%) > chemical fertilizers (18.2%) > soil organic nitrogen (17.7%) > atmospheric nitrogen deposition (6.1%). In Yellow River water, the contribution rates of wastewater discharge and point sources in autumn and chemical fertilizers in spring to nitrate were significantly higher than those in local tributaries, indicating a greater impact of Yellow River water diversion on the nitrate sources in downstream sections of the main stream.

Key words： nitrate upper reaches of Fenhe Reservoir nitrogen and oxygen isotopes yellow water diversion MixSIAR model source identification

收稿日期: 2024-01-09

PACS:

X37

基金资助:山西省研究生教育创新项目(2023KY256)

通讯作者: 张峰,副教授,zhangfeng@tyut.edu.cn E-mail: zhangfeng@tyut.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨晓宇(1999-),男,山西太原人,太原理工大学硕士研究生,主要从事水污染控制与城市水系统研究.发表论文1篇.1464456555@qq.com.

引用本文:

杨晓宇, 孙晖, 王岩, 张峰, 王朝旭, 柴嘉琳, 郑佳效. 典型引调水受水流域氮时空分布特征及硝酸盐来源解析——以汾河水库上游流域为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(7): 3823-3831. YANG Xiao-yu, SUN Hui, WANG Yan, ZHANG Feng, WANG Chao-xu, CHAI Jia-lin, ZHENG Jia-xiao. Characterization of spatial and temporal distribution of nitrogen and source analysis of nitrate in a typical water diversion receiving basin: A case study on upper reaches of Fenhe Reservoir. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(7): 3823-3831.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I7/3823

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