复合功能菌群应用于铁尾矿生态改良及修复

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摘要针对铁尾矿高盐碱、低营养、保水性差、难以有效利用等缺点,通过菌群体系对铁尾矿的生态功能进行改良和恢复,同时选用紫花苜蓿作为先锋植物,通过分析植株的生长指标研究复合菌群对铁尾矿的改良和修复效果.盆栽实验结果表明菌剂处理组的紫苜蓿株高较对照组平均提高了63.99%,尾矿pH值在紫花苜蓿中有所下降;脲酶、过氧化氢酶及有效磷等组分含量增长明显.微生物多样性结果表明处理组中固氮相关菌群丰度如硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)较未处理组提高1倍左右.因此,复合功能菌群可有效改善铁尾矿的酸碱性和营养物质含量,促进植物生长,增加固氮微生物群落丰度,增强代谢能力和固氮潜力,有助于形成类土矿物组分.

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关键词 ：复合功能菌, 铁尾矿, 生态恢复

Abstract：Addressing the drawbacks of iron-based tailings, such as high salinity and alkalinity, low nutrient content, poor water retention, and difficulty in effective utilization, this study utilize the functional microbial system to improved and restored the ecological function of iron tailings, and alfalfa was chosen as the pioneer plant to study the effect of the composite flora on the improvement and restoration of iron tailings by analysing the growth indexes of the plants. Results from pot experiments indicated that the average height of alfalfa in the treatment groups increased by 63.99% compared with the control group, with a decrease in tailings pH and a significant increase in nutrient elements such as urease enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity and effective phosphorus. Microbial diversity analysis revealed that the abundance of nitrogen-fixing related microbial groups, such as the Nitrospirae, increased by approximately one-fold compared to the untreated groups. Therefore, the functional microbial system has the potential to regulate the acidity of iron tailings, provide nutrients to promote plant growth, increase the abundance of sterol bacteria microbial communities, enhance metabolic capabilities and nitrogen-fixing potential, and contribute to rehabilitate of iron tailings.

Key words： functional microbial Fe ore tailings rehabilitation

收稿日期: 2024-08-01

PACS:

X75

基金资助:上海高校青年教师培养资助计划项目(ZZEGD202408);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(2022ZY027)

通讯作者: 郑春丽,教授,clzheng@sspu.edu.cn E-mail: clzheng@sspu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘诺(1988-),男,安徽安庆人,讲师,博士,主要从事纳米材料协同微生物环境应用研究.发表论文20余篇.liunuo@sspu.edu.cn.

引用本文:

刘诺, 王小丫, 刘海龙, 郑春丽. 复合功能菌群应用于铁尾矿生态改良及修复[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(2): 1045-1051. LIU Nuo, WANG Xiao-ya, LIU Hai-long, ZHENG Chun-li. Eco-engineering of Fe ore tailings into soil using sludge and functional microbial system. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(2): 1045-1051.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I2/1045

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