氯化剂对铁尾矿焙烧过程中重金属挥发的影响

摘要
图/表
参考文献(46)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1041 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要针对铁尾矿中的重金属，采用氯化焙烧方法进行分离.考察了不同氯化剂（CaCl₂、NaCl和AlCl₃·6H₂O）在不同温度下对铁尾矿中重金属（Cr、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cu）挥发率的影响.结果表明：添加AlCl₃·6H₂O作为氯化剂时，由于其在135℃时过早分解，在1000℃时重金属的最高挥发率均在30%以下.添加NaCl可使重金属Pb、Zn、Cu的挥发率达到90%以上，但Cr和Ni的挥发率分别只有16.2%和30.0%.CaCl₂与NaCl、AlCl₃·6H₂O相比具有最好的去除效果，在900℃的焙烧温度下，能够去除大部分的Pb（97.5%）、Zn（99.0%）和Cu（93.3%），且Ni、Cr在1000℃时最大挥发率分别为31.9%和49.5%.此外，浸出实验表明，焙烧渣中Cr、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cu浸出浓度均低于GB16889-2008相关限值要求.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	洪雁翔
	宁寻安
	路星雯
	李杨
	赖晓君
	曾峻
	陈长鸿

关键词 ：铁尾矿, 重金属, 氯化焙烧, 挥发性, 热重分析

Abstract：A chlorination roasting method was used for separating heavy metalsfrom iron tailings. The influence of chloride (i.e. CaCl₂, NaCl and AlCl₃∙6H₂O), content of chloride, and temperatures on the volatilization of heavy metals was studied. Experimental results showedthat when usingAlCl₃∙6H₂O as chloride, the volatilization ratios of heavy metals was lower than 30%, due to the prior decomposition of AlCl₃∙6H₂O at 135℃. With the addition of NaCl, the volatilization ratios of Pb, Zn, Cuachieved above 90%, but only 16.2% of Cr and30.0% of Ni were removed from tailings. The addition of CaCl₂ exhibitedthe best volatilization effect compared to NaCl and AlCl₃∙6H₂O.The hazardous Pb, Zn and Cu were reduced significantly (97.5% of Pb, 99.0% of Zn, 93.3% of Cu) at 900℃, and the maximum volatilization of Ni and Cr was 31.9% and 49.5% at 1000℃. Moreover, the leaching experiment showed the leaching concentration of Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu in roasted residue could meet the regulatory limit of leachate (GB16889-2008).

Key words： iron tailing heavy metal chlorination roasting volatilization thermogravimetric analysis

收稿日期: 2019-10-12

PACS:

X131.2

基金资助:2017年土壤中央专项资金资助项目（18HK0108）；广东省“珠江人才计划”本土创新科研团队资助项目（2017BT01Z032）

通讯作者: 宁寻安,教授,ningxunan666@126.com E-mail: ningxunan666@126.com

作者简介: 洪雁翔(1995-),男,广东揭阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事尾矿无害化与资源化利用研究.

引用本文:

洪雁翔, 宁寻安, 路星雯, 李杨, 赖晓君, 曾峻, 陈长鸿. 氯化剂对铁尾矿焙烧过程中重金属挥发的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(5): 2276-2286. HONG Yan-xiang, NING Xun-an, LU Xing-wen, LI Yang, LAI Xiao-jun, ZENG Jun, CHEN Chang-hong. Effect of chlorine on the volatilization of heavy metals by roasting iron tailings. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(5): 2276-2286.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2020/V40/I5/2276

[1]	Chen Y L, Zhang Y M, Chen T J, et al. Preparation of eco-friendly construction bricks from hematite tailings[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2011,25(4):2107-2111.
[2]	Zhang X, Yang H H, Cui Z J. Evaluation and analysis of soil migration and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in iron tailings[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018,172:475-480.
[3]	Huang X X, Zhu Y, Ji H B. Distribution, speciation, and risk assessment of selected metals in the gold and iron mine soils of the catchment area of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2013,185(10):8525-8545.
[4]	文兼武,罗毅,刘炳江.中国环境统计年鉴[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2016:62. Wen J W, Luo Y, Liu B J. China statistical yearbook on environment[M]. 2016:62.
[5]	Moreno L, Neretnieks I. Long-term environmental impact of tailings deposits[J]. Hydrometallurgy, 2006,83(1-4):176-183.
[6]	Licsko I, Lois L, Szebenyi G. Tailings as a source of environmental pollution[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1999,39(10/11):333-336.
[7]	Fan L Q, Zhou X, Luo H B, et al. Release of heavy metals from the pyrite tailings of Huangjiagou Pyrite Mine:Batch experiments[J]. Sustainability, 2016,8(1):1-13.
[8]	Wang G W, Ning X A, Lu X W, et al. Effect of sintering temperature on mineral composition and heavy metals mobility in tailings bricks[J]. Waste Management, 2019,93:112-121.
[9]	Hu P, Zhang Y H, Zhou Y R, et al. Preparation and effectiveness of slow-release silicon fertilizer by sintering with iron ore tailings[J]. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, 2018,37:1011-1019.
[10]	Sirkeci A A, Gül A, Bulut G, et al. Recovery of Co, Ni, and Cu from the tailings of divrigi iron ore concentrator[J]. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2006,27(2):131-141.
[11]	Ye M Y, Yan P F, Sun S Y, et al. Bioleaching combined brine leaching of heavy metals from lead-zinc mine tailings:Transformations during the leaching process[J]. Chemosphere, 2017,168:1115-1125.
[12]	Li R F, Zhou Y, Li C W, et al. Recycling of industrial waste iron tailings in porous bricks with low thermal conductivity[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019,213:43-50.
[13]	Yang C M, Cui C, Qin J, et al. Characteristics of the fired bricks with low-silicon iron tailings[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2014,70:36-42.
[14]	苏静.尾矿及其建筑材料的重金属迁移固化的研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学, 2017. Su J.Study on migration and solidification of heavy metals from tailings and its building materials[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University, 2017.
[15]	Kurashima K, Matsuda K, Kumagai S, et al. A combined kinetic and thermodynamic approach for interpreting the complex interactions during chloride volatilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste fly ash[J]. Waste Management, 2019,87:204-217.
[16]	Vogel C, Adam C. Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge ash by thermochemical treatment with gaseous hydrochloric acid[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2011,45(17):7445-7450.
[17]	Nowak B, Aschenbrenner P, Winter F. Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge ash and municipal solid waste fly ash-A comparison[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2013,105:195-201.
[18]	Yu J, Sun L S, Ma C, et al. Mechanism on heavy metals vaporization from municipal solid waste fly ash by MgCl2⋅6H2O[J]. Waste Management, 2016,49:124-130.
[19]	Nowak B, Pessl A, Aschenbrenner P, et al. Heavy metal removal from municipal solid waste fly ash by chlorination and thermal treatment[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2010,179(1-3):323-331.
[20]	Yu J, Qiao Y, Jin L M, et al. Removal of toxic and alkali/alkaline earth metals during co-thermal treatment of two types of MSWI fly ashes in China[J]. Waste Management, 2015,46:287-297.
[21]	李松,贾艳萍,张兰河,等.二次飞灰理化特性及其Pb和Cu赋存形态[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(4):1627-1632. Li S,Jia Y P, Zhang L H, et al. The physicochemical properties of second fly ash and its speciation of Pb and Cu[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(4):1627-1632.
[22]	Yu S R, Zhang B, Wei J X, et al. Effects of chlorine on the volatilization of heavy metals during the co-combustion of sewage sludge[J]. Waste Management, 2017,62:204-210.
[23]	王野,李娜,田书磊,等.垃圾焚烧飞灰热处理过程中Zn的挥发机理研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(2):706-712. Wang Y, Li N, Tian S L, et al. Volatilization mechanism of Zn onmunicipal solid waste incinerationfly ashduringthermal treatment[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(2):706-712.
[24]	胡小英,田书磊,闫大海,等.氯化剂对垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属挥发特性的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2008,28(7):614-619. Hu X Y, Tian S L, Yan D H, et al. The effect of chlorination agents on the volatilization of heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator[J]. China Environmental Science, 2008,28(7):614-619.
[25]	GB/T3884.12-2010铜精矿化学分析方法第12部分:氟和氯含量的测定离子色谱法[S]. GB/T3884.12-2010 Methods for chemical analysis of copper concentrates Part 12:Determination of fluoride content and chloride content-Ion chromatography[S].
[26]	Li R D, Zhao W W, Li Y L, et al. Heavy metal removal and speciation transformation through the calcination treatment of phosphorus-enriched sewage sludge ash[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2015,283:423-431.
[27]	Zhao Y, Zhang J, Zheng C. Release and removal using sorbents of chromium from a high-Cr lignite in Shenbei coalfield, China[J]. Fuel, 2013,109(1):86-93.
[28]	Yu J, Qiao Y, Sun L S, et al. Detoxification of ashes from a fluidized bed waste incinerator[J]. Chemosphere, 2015,134:346-354.
[29]	Wang R K, Zhao Z H, Yin Q Q, et al. Mineral transformation and emission behaviors of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn during the co-combustion of dried waste activated sludge and lignite[J]. Fuel, 2017,199:578-586.
[30]	Fraissler G, Jöller M, Mattenberger H, et al. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations concerning the removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge ash by chlorination[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification, 2009,48:152-164.
[31]	Zhang R, Jiang X G, Chi Y, et al. Experimental and thermodynamic study of the partition of Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Mn during Co-combustion of pickling sludge and bituminous coal[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2015,30(1):690-697.
[32]	Wang X Y, Huang Y J, Liu C Q, et al. Dynamic volatilization behavior of Pb and Cd during fixed bed waste incineration:Effect of chlorine and calcium oxide[J]. Fuel, 2017,192(15):1-9.
[33]	Liu J Y, Fu J W, Ning X A, et al. An experimental and thermodynamic equilibrium investigation of the Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni partitioning during sewage sludge incineration[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2015,35(9):43-54.
[34]	Wang S J, He P J, Shao L M, et al. Multifunctional effect of Al2O3, SiO2 and CaO on the volatilization of PbO and PbCl2 during waste thermal treatment[J]. Chemosphere, 2016,161:242-250.
[35]	刘敬勇,孙水裕,陈涛,等.污泥焚烧过程中Pb的迁移行为及吸附脱除[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(2):466-477. LiuJY, Sun S Y, Chen T, et al. Migration behavior of Pb and its vaporization control during sewage sludge incineration process[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(2):466-477.
[36]	Chan C C Y, Kirk D W. Behaviour of metals under the conditions of roasting MSW incinerator fly ash with chlorinating agents[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials B, 1999,64(1):75-89.
[37]	Li H Y, Ma A Y, Srinivasakannan C, et al. Investigation on the recovery of gold and silver from cyanide tailings using chlorination roasting process[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018,763:241-249.
[38]	Nowak B, Frías Rocha S, Aschenbrenner P, et al. Heavy metal removal from MSW fly ash by means of chlorination and thermal treatment:Influence of the chloride type[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012, 179:178-185.
[39]	Nowak B, Perutka L, Aschenbrenner P, et al. Limitations for heavy metal release during thermo-chemical treatment of sewage sludge ash[J]. Waste Management, 2011,31(6):1285-1291.
[40]	Tang P, Zhao Y C, Chen D Z, et al. Volatility of heavy metals during incineration of tannery sludge in the presence of chlorides and phosphoric acid[J]. Waste Management & Research, 2008,26(4):369-376.
[41]	Chan C, Jia C Q. Graydon J W, et al. The behaviour of selected heavy metals in MSW incineration electrostatic precipitator ash during roasting with chlorination agents[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1996,50(1):1-13.
[42]	Wang S J, He P J, Lu W T, et al. Comparison of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu chlorination during pyrolysis and incineration[J]. Fuel, 2017,194:257-265.
[43]	Fraissler G, Jöller M, Brunner T, et al. Influence of dry and humid gaseous atmosphere on the thermal decomposition of calcium chloride and its impact on the remove of heavy metals by chlorination[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification, 2009, 48:380-388.
[44]	Zhang B, Bogush A, Wei J X, et al. Influence of chlorine on the fate of Pb and Cu during clinkerization[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2018,32:7718-7726.
[45]	HJ/T300-2007固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法醋酸缓冲溶液法[S]. HJ/T300-2007 Solid waste-Extraction procedure for leaching toxicity-Acetic acid buffer solution method[S].
[46]	GB16889-2008生活垃圾填埋场控制标准[S]. GB16889-2008 Standard for pollution control on the landfill site of municipal solid waste[S].