低成本高密度监测网在城市CO<sub>2</sub>浓度监测中的可行性——以杭州为例

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摘要基于杭州搭建的低成本CO₂分析仪高密度观测网络,对2023年4月至2024年3月完整一年的浓度数据进行分析.结果表明:(1)在野外观测条件下低成本仪器存在数据缺测,各站点一年数据收集量在38.58%~99.39%,两款非色散红外(NDIR)仪器MBE为(3.2±1.4)μmol/mol,进行高密度组网时要提高站点的数据收集率.(2)基于NDIR的低成本仪器观测结果对环境变化较为敏感,机器学习的校正方案可有效校正,组网数据校正后与高精度观测相关性R²由0.33提升至0.77,MBE为1.2μmol/mol.(3)低成本的高密度组网可以观测到城市内部CO₂浓度的时空变异性,站点的日变化及空间浓度分布均反映出城市CO₂源汇的季节变化特征.通过搭建的组网验证了低成本高密度网络在中国这种下垫面复杂的城市运行的可行性,为估算城市排放量和评估减排措施效果提供依据.

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	吴晋辉
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	王君
	刘远泽

关键词 ：高密度组网, 低成本仪器, 杭州, CO₂浓度

Abstract：Based on the high-density observation network of low-cost CO₂ analyzers deployed in Hangzhou, an analysis of CO₂ concentration spanning a complete one-year from April 2023 to March 2024 was conducted. The results showed that: (1) Under field observation conditions, low-cost instruments experience data gaps, with annual data collection rates at various stations ranging from 38.58% to 99.39%. The Mean Bias Error (MBE) for the two non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) instruments is (3.2 ±1.4) μmol/mol. Therefore, it is essential to enhance the data collection rate at stations when deploying high-density network. (2) Observation from NDIR-based low-cost instruments were highly sensitive to environmental variations, but could be effectively corrected by machine learning-based calibration schemes. After correction, the correlation coefficient R² between the network data and high-precision observation improved from 0.33 to 0.77, with the MBE of 1.2μmol/mol. (3) The high-density network of low-cost CO₂ analyzers was can effectively capture the spatio-temporal variability of CO₂ concentration. Diurnal variations and spatial distributions across stations reflected seasonal variations characteristics of urban CO₂ sources and sinks. The deployment of this network has demonstrated the feasibility of operating a low-cost, high-density monitoring system in cities with complex underlying surfaces, such as those in China. This approach provided a basis for estimating urban carbon emissions and evaluating the effectiveness of emission reduction measures.

Key words： high-density network low-cost instrument Hangzhou CO₂concentration

收稿日期: 2024-10-31

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0607501); 江苏省杰出青年基金项目(BK20220055); 江苏省“333人才”领军型人才团队(BRA2022023)

作者简介: 吴晋辉(2000-),男,山西运城人,南京信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要从事城市温室气体监测与反演研究.571242246@qq.com.

引用本文:

吴晋辉, 肖薇, 陈亮, 胡凝, 王君, 刘远泽. 低成本高密度监测网在城市CO₂浓度监测中的可行性——以杭州为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(5): 2377-2389. WU Jin-hui, XIAO Wei, CHEN Liang, HU Ning, WANG Jun, LIU Yuan-ze. The feasibility of low-cost high-density monitoring networks for urban CO₂ concentration monitoring: A case study of Hangzhou. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(5): 2377-2389.

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