1. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2. Jinhua Meteorological Bureau, Jinhua 321000, China; 3. Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hangzhou 310056, China; 4. Lihe Technology(Hunan) Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China; 5. Hangzhou Meteorological Bureau, Hangzhou 310051, China
Abstract：The present paper utilizes the air quality and meteorological data Hangzhou city (China) from 2018 to 2021 to investigate the ozone pollution problem and other covariance factors.We selected the backward trajectory and ozone hourly data during the typhoon "fireworks" to examine the impact of firework emissions on air quality and climate change in Hangzhou for the year 2021. Hence the study was conducted to perform the backward trajectory clustering and potential source area analysis. The results showed that the air quality in Hangzhou improved well from 2018 to 2021, and the ozone pollution has been more serious, mainly in April-October months in each year. It was depicted that the Ozone concentration was negatively correlated with relative humidity and positively correlated with temperature, while wind speed also impacts on ozone production and leads to dispersion of Ozone pollution during strong winds. For example, during the typhoon "fireworks" in 2021, the high rainfall and strong wind speed decreased the concentration of various pollutants. After the typhoon passed through, the high temperature and low humidity contributed to the increase of ozone concentration. The clustering and potential source analysis was conducted for July 25~30, 2021 (after the typhoon transit), with seven air mass transport pathways. The results revealed that the trajectory of air masses originated from the northwest direction through Jiangxi and Hubei Provinces. While the consistency of the high values of WPSCF and WCWT was depicts that the ozone pollution was influenced by regional transport from the cities located in different provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Hubei.
[1] 吴锴,康平,于雷,等.2015~2016年中国城市臭氧浓度时空变化规律研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018,38(6):2179-2190. Wu K, Kang P, Yu L, et al. Pollution status and spatio-temporal variations of ozone in China during 2015~2016[J]. Atca Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2018,38(6):2179-2190. [2] 刘添强.北京市PM2.5-O3复合污染数值响应解析[J]. 环境科学,2023,44(1):4857.202203185. Liu T Q. Numerical response analysis of PM2.5-O3 composite pollution in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2023,44(1):4857. 202203185. [3] 余益军,孟晓艳,王振,等.京津冀地区城市臭氧污染趋势及原因探讨[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(1):106-114. Yu Y J, Meng X Y, Wang Z, et al. Trends and causes of urban ozone pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(1):106-114. [4] 王玫,郑有飞,柳艳菊,等.京津冀臭氧变化特征及与气象要素的关系[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(7):2689-2698. Wang M, Zhang Y F, Liu Y J, et al. Characteristics of ozone changes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the relationship with meteorological elements[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(07):2689-2698. [5] 洪莹莹,翁佳烽,谭浩波,等.珠江三角洲秋季典型O3污染的气象条件及贡献量化[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(1):1-10. Hong Y Y, Weng J F, Tan H B, et al. Quantification of meteorological conditions and contributions to typical O3 pollution in fall in the Pearl River Delta[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(1):1-10. [6] 齐冰,牛彧文,杜荣光,等.杭州市近地面大气臭氧浓度变化特征分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(2):443-451. Qi B, Niu Y W, Du R G, et al. Characterization of changes in near-surface atmospheric ozone concentration in Hangzhou[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(2):443-451. [7] Fishman, J., Crutzen, P. The origin of ozone in the troposphere[J]. Nature, 274,855-858(1978). [8] 王占山,李云婷,陈添,等.北京城区臭氧日变化特征及与前体物的相关性分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(12):3001-3008. Wang Z H, Li Y T, Chen T, et al. Characterization of daily ozone changes in Beijing and its correlation with precursors[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(12):3001-3008. [9] Zou Y, Deng X J, Zhu D, et al. Characteristics of 1year of observational data of VOCs, NOx and O3at a suburban site in Guangzhou, China[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2015,15(12):6625-6636. [10] Marcvart M, Tiron S, Alassadi A, et al. Dual behaviour of ozone- environmental and health implications[J]. Journal of Environmental Protection & Ecology, 2019,20(2):976-985. [11] Wang Y X, Song Q L, Frei M, et al. Effects of elevated ozone,carbon dioxide,and the combination of both on the grain quality of Chinese hybrid rice[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014,189:9-17. [12] 姜华,常宏咪.我国臭氧污染形势分析及成因初探[J]. 环境科学研究, 2021,34(7):1576-1582. Jiang H, Chang H M. Analysis of ozone pollution situation and its causes in China[J]. Environmental Science Research, 2021,34(7):1576-1582. [13] 朱毓秀,徐家骝.近地面臭氧污染过程和相关气象因子的分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 1994,7(6):13-18. Zhu Y X, Xu J Y. Analysis of near-surface ozone pollution processes and related meteorological factors[J]. Environmental Science Research, 1994,7(6):13-18. [14] 曹梅,范绍佳,靳春,等.2015~2020年广东臭氧污染特征、污染天气分型及局地气象要素影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2023,43(1):19-31. Cao M, Fan S J, Jin C, et al. Characteristics of ozone pollution, polluted weather fractionation, and effects of local meteorological factors in Guangdong from 2015 to 2020[J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2023,43(1):19-31. [15] 李莉莉,王隆,刘喜平,等.哈尔滨市臭氧时空分布特征及气象要素的关系[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(5):1991-1999. Li L L, Wang L, Liu X P, et al. Characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of ozone in Harbin and the relationship between meteorological elements[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020, 40(5):1991-1999. [16] Begum A B, Kim E, Jeong C H, et al. Evaluation of the potential source contribution function using the 2002 Quebec forest fire episode[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005,39(20):3719-3724. [17] Zeng Y, Hopke P K. A study of the sources of acid precipitation in Ontario, Canada[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1989,23(7):1499- 1509. [18] Polissar A V, Hopke P K, Harris J M. Source regions for atmospheric aerosol measured at Barrow, Alaska[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2001,35(21):4214-4226. [19] Sharma A, Mandal T K, Sharma S K, et al. Relationships of surface ozone with its precursors, particulate matter and meteorology over Delhi[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 2017,74(4):451-474. [20] Hsu Y K, Holsen T M, Hopke P K. Comparison of hybrid receptor models to locate PCB sources in Chicago[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2003,37(4):545-562. [21] 赵雪,沈楠驰,李令军,等.COVID-19疫情期间京津冀大气污染物变化及影响因素分析[J]. 环境科学, 2021,42(3):1205-1214. Zhao X, Shen N C, Li L J, et al. Changes of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei during the COVID-19 epidemic and analysis of influencing factors[J]. Environmental Science, 2021,42(3):1205- 1214. [22] 敬丽君,王军.基于大气污染影响的室内臭氧污染特征研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2022,45(9):106-117. Jing L J, Wang J. Characterization of indoor ozone pollution based on the effects of atmospheric pollution[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2022,45(9):106-117. [23] 严仁嫦,叶辉,林旭,等.杭州市臭氧污染特征及影响因素分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018,38(3):1128-1136. Yan R X, Ye H, Lin X, et al. Analysis of ozone pollution characteristics and influencing factors in Hangzhou[J]. Journal of Environmental Science, 2018,38(3):1128-1136. [24] 洪盛茂,焦荔,何曦,等.杭州市区大气臭氧浓度变化及气象要素影响[J]. 应用气象学报, 2009,20(5):602-611. Hong S M, Jiao L, He X et al. Changes of atmospheric ozone concentration in Hangzhou and the effects of meteorological factors[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2009,20(5):602-611. [25] 刘楚薇,连鑫博,黄建平.我国臭氧污染时空分布及其成因研究进展[J]. 干旱气象, 2020,38(3):355-361. Liu C W, Lian X B, Huang J P. Spatial and temporal distribution of ozone pollution and its causes in China[J]. Arid Weather, 2020, 38(3):355-361. [26] 严茹莎,陈敏东,高庆先,等.北京夏季典型臭氧污染分布特征及影响因子[J]. 环境科学研究, 2013,26(1):43-49. Yan R S, Chen M D, Gao Q X, et al. Characteristics of typical ozone pollution distribution and influencing factors in Beijing in summer[J]. Environmental Science Research, 2013,26(1):43-49. [27] Hu X M, Fuentes J.D. & Zhang F. Downward transport and modification of tropospheric ozone through moist convection.[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 2010,65:13-35. [28] Shu L, Xie M, Wang T J, et al. Integrated studies of a regional ozone pollution synthetically affected by subtropical high and typhoon system in the Yangtze River Delta region, China[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2016,16:15801-15819. [29] 符传博,丹利,佟金鹤等.台风"浪卡"过程对海南岛臭氧污染的影响分析[J]. 环境科学, 2023,44(5):2481-2491. Fu C B, Dan L, Tong J H, et al. Impact analysis of Typhoon Nangka on ozone pollution in Hainan Island[J]. Environmental Science, 2023, 44(5):2481-2491. [30] 杨娜,王春迎,刘孟雄,等.洛阳市臭氧污染特征及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 气象与环境科学, 2019,42(4):90-95. Yang N, Wang C Y, Liu M X, et al. Characteristics of ozone pollution and its relationship with meteorological factors in Luoyang city[J]. Meteorology and Environmental Science, 2019,42(4):90-95. [31] Kavassalis S C, and J G. Murphy. Understanding ozone-meteorology correlations:A role for dry deposition[J]. Geophys Research, 2017, 44:2922-2931. [32] 茅晶晶,杨雪,秦玮,刘笑媛.2019年江苏省臭氧污染与气象条件影响分析研究[J]. 四川环境, 2023,42(1):68-74. Mao J J, Yang X, Qing W, et al. Research on the analysis of ozone pollution and the influence of meteorological conditions in Jiangsu Province in 2019[J]. Sichuan Environment, 2023,42(1):68-74. [33] 沙丹丹,王红磊,朱彬,等.冬季PM2.5中含碳气溶胶的污染特征——长江三角洲地区一次区域重污染过程分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(10):3611-3622. Sha D D, Wang H L, Zhu B, et al. Pollution characteristics of carbon-containing aerosols in PM2.5 in winter-an analysis of a regional heavy pollution process in the Yangtze River Delta[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(10):3611-3622. [34] Hopke P K. Recent developments in receptor modeling[J]. Journal of Chemometrics, 2003,17(5):255-265. [35] Cheng I, Zhang L, Blanchard P, et al. Concentration-weighted trajectory approach to identifying potential sources of speciated atmospheric mercury at an urban coastal site in Nova Scotia, Canada[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2013,13(12):6031-6048
