Effects of artificial forest and grass on soil fungal community at southern Ningxia mountain
ZHANG Shu-meng, HUANG Yi-mei, NI Yin-xia, ZHONG Qi-qi
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
It is of importance to evaluate potential ofsoil fertility and health status after vegetation restoration at southern Ningxia mountain, Chinese Loess Plateau. Therefore, three typical grasslands, including the Stipa bungeana Trin (SB) of natural grassland restoration, the Medicago sativa (MS) of artificial grassland reatoration and Caragana korshinskii Kom (CK) of artificial shrub restoration were selected as experimental sites. Fungi community composition and diversity of surface soil (0~20cm) were analyzed by using Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology. Response of soil fungi communities to environmental factors was assessed through redundancyanalysis (RDA). The identified taxa in various resolutions were:27 phyla, 44 classes, 70 orders and 91 families. The dominant phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with relative abundance of 71.8% and15.2%, respectively. The dominant classes were Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Agaricomycetes and Pezizomycetes. Gibberella, Colpoda, Hydropisphaera, Floricola, Funneliformis and Marcelleina were the dominant genera in this study. Abundance and diversity of soil fungi were highest in MS and lowest in CK. Abundance of Glomeromycota were were highest in SB (4.8%); abundance of Ascomycota were highest in MS (82.6%) lowest in CK (56.8%); abundance of Basidiomycota and Unclassified were highest in MS (25.3% and 7.9%, respectively) and lowest in MS (7.1% and 0.8%, respectively). Abundance of Pezizomycetes were highest in SB (17.8%) and had significant difference correlated to CK. Atthe site of SB, abundance of Agaricomycetes were highest and obviously higher than that of CK. Heatmap shows that although there were similarities of soil fungi communities between MS and SB. SB, MS and CK had the highest abundance of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil pathogenic fungi and Colpoda (a kind of protozoan), respectively. In conclusion, compared to the restoration of natural grassland, restoration of artificial grassland and shrub had great influence on the community composition and diversity of soil fungi. RDA showed that soil water, total organic carbon and total nitrogen were the main soil parameters influencing fungal communities.
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