Pollution characteristics of PM1 and factors affecting the formation of haze pollution at a developed zone in Beijing
HAN Li-hui, XIANG Xin, ZHANG Hai-liang, WANG Hong-mei, YAN Hai-tao, CHENG Shui-yuan, WANG Hai-yan
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
A campaign of sampling atmospheric submicron particulate matter (PM1) samples at Yizhuang zone in Beijing during July, October 2016 and January, April 2017, was carried out to investigate the characteristics of PM1 and itswater-solublespecies during four seasons and different haze periods. The important factors affecting the formations of the secondary ions and haze pollution were discussed. The results showed that the average concentration of PM1 reached 73.95μg/m3 for the entire study at Yizhuang zone, being 1.13times as high as the corresponding average concentration level of PM1 in Beijing. Average concentrations of PM1 in summer, autumn, winter and spring were 69.22, 63.38, 99.50 and 57.26μg/m3, respectively, showing the order of winter > summer > autumn > spring; the concentrations of PM1 during haze days were 1.78~3.17times as high as those in clean days. The total water-soluble ion concentration in PM1 was 37.30μg/m3, accounting for 50.44% of PM1; secondary ions SO42-、NO3- and NH4+ (SNA) were the most important water soluble ions, which accounted for 86.98% of the total water soluble ions. The seasonal variation of the total water soluble ion concentrations in PM1 was in accordance with SNA, following the order of winter > summer > autumn > spring. The average sulfur oxidation rate SOR was higher than the mean nitrogen oxidation rate NOR for the entire study, of which SOR presented the order of summer > autumn > winter > spring, and NOR showed the order of summer > autumn~spring > winter, and SORs and NORs in haze days were all significantly higher than those in clean days, especially in summer. The conversion of SO2 to SO42- was apparently influenced by relative humidity RH, temperature T, NO2 and NH3, and aqueous chemical reactions of SO2 on the surface of PM1 might be the important pathway of SO42- formations. The conversion of NO2 to NO3- was greatly influenced by RH, T, O3, and NH3. The haze pollution formation was mainly influenced by saddle type pressure field, even pressure field, and inversion layer, as well as weak air mass transport from the south, southeast and southwest directions.
韩力慧, 向欣, 张海亮, 王红梅, 闫海涛, 程水源, 王海燕. 北京市开发区PM1污染特征及影响霾形成的因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(8): 2846-2856.
HAN Li-hui, XIANG Xin, ZHANG Hai-liang, WANG Hong-mei, YAN Hai-tao, CHENG Shui-yuan, WANG Hai-yan. Pollution characteristics of PM1 and factors affecting the formation of haze pollution at a developed zone in Beijing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2018, 38(8): 2846-2856.
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