中国环境科学
 
 
中国环境科学  2019, Vol. 39 Issue (1): 372-378    DOI:
环境毒理与健康 最新目录| 下期目录| 过刊浏览| 高级检索 |
最高气温对呼吸系统疾病急诊人次的影响研究
周建丁1, 马玉霞1, 杨丝絮1, 虞志昂1, 马秉吉1, 张志薇2
1. 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
2. 江苏省气象服务中心, 江苏 南京 210009
A study on the impact of daily maximum temperature on the hospital emergency room visits due to respiratory diseases
ZHOU Jian-ding1, MA Yu-xia1, Yang Si-xu1, YU Zhi-ang1, MA Bing-ji1, ZHANG Zhi-wei2
1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. Jiangsu Meteorological Service Centre, Nanjing 210009, China

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摘要 

采用基于时间序列的半参数的广义相加模型,在控制星期几效应、长期趋势、气象要素等混杂因素后,分析2009~2012年北京市日最高气温与四类呼吸系统疾病急诊人次的暴露-反应关系,探讨日最高气温对人群健康的影响,并考虑了不同年龄和性别人群分层以及0~6d的滞后效应.结果表明:日最高气温对呼吸系统疾病急诊存在0~1d滞后效应,男性急诊人次均要高于女性;日最高气温每上升1℃,男性上呼吸道感染和支气管炎急诊人次分别增加2.10%和2.14%,女性肺炎、哮喘和支气管炎急诊人次分别增加2.00%、4.21%和2.95%.对性别而言,日最高气温每上升1℃,小于15岁人群支气管炎急诊人次增加3.60%;15~59岁人群支气管炎急诊人次增加2.16%;对60~74岁年龄段急诊人次无显著统计学意义;≥75岁人群肺炎和哮喘急诊人次分别增加2.69%和8.05%.

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周建丁
马玉霞
杨丝絮
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马秉吉
张志薇
关键词 日最高气温呼吸系统疾病时间序列广义相加模型    
Abstract

Based on the daily maximum temperature data and hospital Emergency Room (ER) visit records from 2009 to 2012, we analyzed the climatic impact on the onset of the four types of common respiratory diseases (i.e., upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, and asthma) in Beijing, China. We used a time-series-based semi-parametric generalized additive model. We controlled the confounding factors, such as weekday effect, long-term trend, and other meteorological elements, and we also factored in age-gender differences and the lagging effect within a week. The results showed that the lagging effect of daily maximum temperature on the number of ER visits due to respiratory diseases was within one day. The number of male patients was generally higher than that of female patients. For each 1℃ increase in daily maximum temperature, the number of ER visits due to upper respiratory tract infection and bronchitis would increase by 2.10% and 2.14%, respectively, for the male subgroup; and the number of ER visits due to pneumonia, asthma, and bronchitis would increase by 2.00%, 4.21%, and 2.95%, respectively, for the female subgroup. Within the four different age subgroups, the increase in the number of ER visits due to respiratory diseases per 1℃ increase in daily maximum temperature was statistically significant with the exception of the 60-74age group. In particular, when daily maximum temperature increased by 1℃, the number of ER visits due to bronchitis would increase by 3.60% and 2.16% for the below-15 and the 15~59age group, respectively; the number of ER visits due to pneumonia and asthma would increase by 2.69% and 8.05%, respectively, for the over-75age group.

Key wordsdaily maximum temperature    respiratory diseases    time series    generalized additive model   
收稿日期: 2018-05-14     
PACS: X18  
  X503.1  
基金资助:

中央高校基本业务费专项资金(Lzujbky-2017-69)

通讯作者: 马玉霞,副教授,mayuxia07@lzu.edu.cn     E-mail: mayuxia07@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介: 周建丁(1993-),男,福建三明人,硕士研究生,研究方向为气候变化及其影响.发表论文7篇.
引用本文:   
周建丁, 马玉霞, 杨丝絮, 虞志昂, 马秉吉, 张志薇. 最高气温对呼吸系统疾病急诊人次的影响研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(1): 372-378. ZHOU Jian-ding, MA Yu-xia, Yang Si-xu, YU Zhi-ang, MA Bing-ji, ZHANG Zhi-wei. A study on the impact of daily maximum temperature on the hospital emergency room visits due to respiratory diseases. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(1): 372-378.
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