The purpose of the present work was to explore the microbial community structure and diversity characteristics of arsenic-contaminated lakeshore wetland in the Plateau lakes, and to explore the relationship between the content & forms of arsenic and microbial community characteristics in the sediment. This paper collected samples of lakeshore wetland sediments from the east, west, south and north lakeshore of Yangzonghai Lake in Yunnan Province, not only the characteristics of microbial richness in sediments of arsenic-contaminated lakeshore wetlands were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique, but also the effects of arsenic forms on microbial communities were discussed. The results showed:(1) the arsenic content of the sediment has a significant effect on the microbial richness, and the microbial richness is higher with high arsenic content in the South Bank region, which the Operational Taxonomic Units is 1286~1473, In the West Bank region the microbial richness is low with low arsenic content which the Operational Taxonomic Units is 693~1339; (2) The microbial community structure of sediments in Yangzonghai Lake Lakeshore wetland is stable, the dominant populations are Proteobacteria (15.6%~59.6%), Chloroflexi (10.1%~44.9%), with few Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria; (3) The arsenic form in the sediment is mainly composed of residual arsenic (F5) and amorphous oxide-bound arsenic (F3), and F3 has the most significant effect on the microbial community. Meanwhile, the bioavailable arsenic (non-specific adsorbed arsenic + specific adsorbed arsenic + amorphous oxide bound arsenic) in the sediment accounts for 19.3%~58.6%, the risk of arsenic release is high. The research results deepened the understanding of microbial community in sediments of arsenic-contaminated plateau lakes, and provide theoretical and scientific basis for microbial treatment of lake arsenic pollution prevention.
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