国Ⅵ增程式天然气重型客车实际道路排放特性

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1157 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要采用便携式排放测试系统对一辆国Ⅵ增程式天然气重型客车开展实际道路的排放测试与分析,利用排放因子法与行程平均法分析整车排放,结果表明,实验车辆的CO、THC和NO_x的比排放值为673.19,169.7,53.23mg/(kW∙h),相当于国Ⅵ限值的11.2%、22.63%和7.72%,该增程式客车整车排放显著低于国Ⅵ排放限值,也优于传统天然气客车排放水平,这是由于行驶过程中发动机维持在恒定转速运行,规避了频繁启停和动态运行;增程式天然气客车启动阶段的各项气体污染物的比排放值相比其他阶段较高,这是由于启动阶段发动机冷却液较低加之需要提高转速快速加热后处理装置,导致冷起动阶段气体污染物瞬态排放较高;车辆行驶阶段中CO、NO_x的排放相对峰值在动态工况,而THC的排放集中在车辆稳态工况;动态工况下CO、NO_x和THC的瞬时排放速率与CO₂变化率有一定的正相关趋势.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	仇滔
	赵亚坤
	郭冬冬
	雷艳
	杨江龙
	陈则旬

关键词 ：实际道路测试(RDE), 增程式天然气客车, 混合动力车辆, 排放特性, 大气污染物

Abstract：This paper conducted the real road emission test of a China VI extended-range natural gas (NG) hybrid heavy bus by using the PEMS (Portable Emission Test System), and analysed the vehicle emission characteristics based on both the emission factor and the distance average method. The specific emissions of CO, THC, and NO_xof the experimental vehicle were 673.19mg/(kW ∙ h), 169.7mg/(kW ∙ h), and 53.23mg/(kW ∙ h), which were equivalent to 11.2%, 22.63%, and 7.72% of the China-VI limit values. The results showed that the emissions of the extended-range bus were significantly lower than the China-VI emission limit, and also better than those of traditional natural gas buses. This was because the NG engine maintained running at a constant speed during driving, avoiding frequent start-stop and dynamic operation conditions. The extended-range NG bus emissions were relatively higher during cold starting. During cold starting stage, the engine coolant temperature was relatively low and the engine sharply speeds up to quickly heat the aftertreatment device resulting in high transient gas pollutants, thus the specific emission value of each gas pollutant of the starting stage was higher than that of other stages. The relative peak emissions of CO and NO_x in the vehicle driving stage were in dynamic working conditions, while the emissions of THC were concentrated in the steady-state working conditions of vehicles. The instantaneous emission rates of CO, NO_x and THC under dynamic working conditions had a certain positive correlation trend with the CO₂ change rate.

Key words： road emission test(RDE) extended-range natural gas buses hybrid vehicle emission characteristics atmospheric pollutant

收稿日期: 2022-12-31

PACS:

X51

通讯作者: 雷艳,副教授，leiyan@bjut.edu.cn E-mail: leiyan@bjut.edu.cn

作者简介: 雷艳(1975-),女,北京人,副教授,博士,主要从事内燃机燃烧、排放方面的研究.发表论文30余篇.leiyan@bjut.edu.cn.

引用本文:

仇滔, 赵亚坤, 郭冬冬, 雷艳, 杨江龙, 陈则旬. 国Ⅵ增程式天然气重型客车实际道路排放特性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(S1): 55-61. QIU Tao, ZHAO Ya-kun, GUO Dong-dong, LEI Yan, YANG Jang-long, CHEN Zen-xun. The real road emission characteristics of China VI extended-range natural gas heavy buses. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(S1): 55-61.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/IS1/55

[1] Kontses A, Triantafyllopoulos G, Tziachristos L, et al. Particle number (PN) emissions from gasoline, diesel, LPG, CNG and hybrid-electric light-duty vehicles under real-world driving conditions [J].Atmospheric Environment, 2020,222:117-126.
[2] Quiros D C, Smith J, Thiruvengadam A, et al. Greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty natural gas, hybrid, and conventional diesel on-road trucks during freight transport [J].Atmospheric Environment, 2017,168:36-45.
[3] Galbieri R, Brito T L F, Mouette D, et al. Bus fleet emissions: new strategies for mitigation by adopting natural gas [J].Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2018,23(7):1039-1062.
[4] Yuan J, Zhou S, Peng T, et al. Petroleum substitution, greenhouse gas emissions reduction and environmental benefits from the development of natural gas vehicles in China [J].Petroleum Science, 2018,15(3): 644-656.
[5] Feng Y, Dong Z. Optimal control of natural gas compression engine hybrid electric mining trucks for balanced fuel efficiency and overall emission improvement [J].DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2019.116276.
[6] Ott T, Onder C, Guzzella L. Hybrid-electric vehicle with natural gas-diesel engine [J].Energys, 2013,6(7):3571-3592.
[7] Maria V P, Maria A C, Real driving emissions of Euro 6electric/ gasoline hybrid and natural gas vehicles [J].Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2022,113:103509.
[8] Durbin T D, Johnson K, Miller J W, et al. Emissions from heavy-duty vehicles under actual on-road driving conditions [J].Atmospheric Environment, 2008,42(20):4812-4821.
[9] 王欣,葛蕴珊,蒋平,等.不同环境条件下轻型车RDE测试排放特性研究[J].中国环境科学, 2022,42(6):2561-2568. Wang X, Gen Y S, Jiang P, et al. Emission characteristics of light duty vehicle in RDE tests under different environmental conditions [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2022,42(6):2561-2568.
[10] Guo J, Ge Y, Hao L, et al. On-road measurement of regulated pollutants from diesel and CNG buses with urea selective catalytic reduction systems [J].Atmospheric Environment, 2014,99:1-9.
[11] Hooftman N, Messagie M, Van Mierlo J, et al. A review of the European passenger car regulations -Real driving emissions vs local air quality [J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018,86: 1-21.
[12] 葛蕴珊,王爱娟,王猛,等.PEMS用于城市车辆实际道路气体排放测试[J].汽车安全与节能学报, 2010,1(2):141-145. Ge Y S, Wang A J, Wang M, et al. Application of portable emission measurement system (PEMS) on the emission measurements of urban vehicles on-road [J].Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2010, 1(2):141-145.
[13] 张潇文,李菁元,杨志文,等.基于远程数据的重型柴油车实际道路碳排放测算准确度[J].中国环境科学, 2022,42(10):4565-4570. Zhang X W, Li Q Y, Yang Z W, et al. Accuracy analysis of carbon emissions measurement of heavy heavy-duty diesel vehicles based on remote data [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2022,42(10):4565-4570.
[14] Lv L, Ge Y, Ji Z, et al. Regulated emission characteristics of in-use LNG and diesel semi-trailer towing vehicles under real driving conditions using PEMS [J].Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2020, 88:155-164.
[15] Bishop J D K, Molden N, Boies A M. Using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) to derive more accurate estimates of fuel use and nitrogen oxides emissions from modern Euro 6passenger cars under real-world driving conditions [J].Applied Energy, 2019, 242:942-973.
[16] 王树达,谭建伟,吕立群,等.国六重型柴油–液化天然气车实际道路排放特性研究[J].内燃机工程, 2022,43(5):61-67. Wang S D, Tan J W, Lv L Q, et al. Real driving emissions from China Ⅵ heavy-duty diesel-liquefied natural gas vehicles [J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2022,43(5):61-67.
[17] 张会松,吴琳,魏宁,等.基于实际道路测试的大型客车排放特征研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2018,40(9):1027-1032. Zhang H S, Wu L, Wei N, et al. Characteristics of exhaust from heavy-duty coaches on real-word conditions [J].Environmental Pollution & Control, 2018,40(9):1027-1032.
[18] Merkisz J, Fuc P, Lijewski P, et al. Actual emissions from urban buses powered with diesel and gas engines [J].Transport Research Arena TRA2016, 2016,14:3070-3078.
[19] McCaffery C, Zhu H, Tang T, et al. Real-world NO_x emissions from heavy-duty diesel, natural gas, and diesel hybrid electric vehicles of different vocations on California roadways [J].Science of The Total Environment, 2021,DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147224.
[20] Lv Z, Wu L, Yang Z, et al. Comparison on real-world driving emission characteristics of CNG, LNG and Hybrid-CNG buses [J].Energy, 2023,DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2022.125571.
[21] GB17691-2018重型柴油车污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第六阶段) [S].GB17691-2018 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from diesel fueled heavy-duty vehicles (China-VI) [S].
[22] Rosero F, Fonseca N, Lopez J, et al. Effects of passenger load, road grade, and congestion level on real-world fuel consumption and emissions from compressed natural gas and diesel urban buses [J].Applied Energy, 2021,282:116195.
[23] Yue T, Chai F, Hu J, et al. Gaseous emissions from compressed natural gas buses in urban road and highway tests in China [J].Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2016,48:193-199.
[24] 刘希瑞,郭冬冬,李家琛,等.国六重型柴油车挥发性有机物排放特性[J].中国环境科学, 2021,41(7):3131-3137. Liu X R, Guo D D, Li J C, et al. Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds from heavy duty diesel vehicles [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2021,41(7):3131-3137.
[25] 杨正军,葛蕴珊,王欣,等.乙醇汽油对国六直喷汽油车排放特性的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(12):5213-5220. Yang Z J, Ge Y S, Wang X, et al. Effects of ethanol-gasoline on the exhaust emissions from China-6compliant GDI vehicles [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2020,40(12):5213-5220.
[26] 许丹丹,高东志,李刚,等.冷启动对重型混动车实际道路行驶排放的影响研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2022,44(9):1153-1156. Xu D D, Gao Z D, Li G, et al. Research on influence of cold start on actual road driving emissions of heavy-duty hybrid electric vehicles [J].Environmental Pollution & Control, 2022,44(9):1153-1156.
[27] Tang G, Wang S, Du B, et al. Study on pollutant emission characteristics of different types of diesel vehicles during actual road cold start [J].Science of The Total Environment, 2022,DOI:10.1016/ j.scitotenv.2022.153598.
[28] Du B, Zhang L, Geng Y, et al. Testing and evaluation of cold-start emissions in a real driving emissions test [J].Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2020,DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2020. 102447.
[29] 汪晓伟,景晓军,高涛,等.重型车低负荷运行特征及NO_x排放特性[J].中国环境科学, 2022,42(11):5063-5071. Wang X W, Jing X J, Gao T, et al. Low load running characteristics and NO_x emission under low load for heavy-duty diesel vehicles [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2022,42(11):5063-5071.
[30] 楼狄明,赵可心,谭丕强,等.不同后处理装置对柴油车排放特性的影响——基于行驶里程的后处理装置对柴油公交车气态物排放特性的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2016,36(8):2282-2288. Lou D M, Zhao K X, et al. Gaseous emission characteristics of diesel bus equipped with different after-treatments based on driving distance [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2016,36(8):2282-2288.
[31] 程颖,何立强,张少君,等.DOC+CDPF对国III重型柴油货车实际道路排放的影响[J].中国环境科学, 2020,40(6):2381-2388. Cheng Y, He L Q, Zhang S Q, et al. Impacts of DOC+CDPF on real-word emissions from China III heavy-duty diesel trucks [J].Chinese Environmental Science, 2020,40(6):2381-2388.