“上大压小”降低中国煤电的大气污染排放——基于供应链视角

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摘要通过构建点源精度的煤炭运输网络模型,编制高空间分辨率的煤电供应链大气污染物(氮氧化物(NO_x)、二氧化硫(SO₂)、颗粒物(PM)和大气汞(Hg))排放清单,从供应链视角全面评估该政策在2011~2018年间对中国煤电供应链的污染减排效应.结果表明,尽管我国燃煤发电总量增长了38.6%,但煤电供应链NO_x、SO₂和Hg排放总量分别仅增加了10.4%、16.2%和6.8%,PM排放总量甚至减少了15.8%.相较于退役电厂,新建电厂NO_x、SO₂、PM和Hg的供应链排放强度分别下降了63.2%、62.1%、90.2%和67.8%.从供应链的各环节来看,燃煤发电阶段的排放强度降幅最大;开采单位煤炭产生的排放基本不变;运输单位煤炭产生的排放小幅下降.本研究还从优化厂址布局、加强矿山管理和提升末端治理技术等方面提出了减排政策建议,也为其他高污染行业的减排路径探索提供重要参考.

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	李佳硕
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	王文鑫
	杨帆

关键词 ：燃煤电厂, 大气污染物, 煤炭供应链, “上大压小”政策

Abstract：This paper investigated the mitigation effect of the promoting the big and quashing the small policy (PBQSP) on air pollutant emissions from China’s coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) between 2011 and 2018 by building a coal supply chain network based on the plant-level CFPP information in China. Results show that, while China's coal power generation increased by 38.6% from 2011 to 2018, NO_x SO₂, and Hg emissions from coal power supply-chain increased merely by 10.4%, 16.2%, and 6.8%, with PM emissions decreasing by 15.8%. Compared to decommissioned CFPPs, newly-built CFPPs reduced their NO_x, SO_2, PM, and Hg emission intensities along their coal supply chain by 63.2%, 62.1%, 90.2%, and 67.8%, respectively. The emission intensities at the power generation stage had the largest decrease; but remained similar at the coal mining stage and declined slightly at the transport stage, respectively. This study also proposed strategies to enhance the mitigation effect of the PBQSP, including optimizing the site selection of newly-built CFPPs, enhancing the coal mine management, and improving the end-of-pipe emission control for CFPPs. It also serves as an important reference to exploring emission reduction paths in other pollution-intensive industries.

Key words： coal-fired power plants air pollutants coal supply chain the Promoting the Big and Quashing the Small Policy

收稿日期: 2022-08-04

PACS:

X196

基金资助:山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2021YQ27);国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074137)

通讯作者: 杨帆,研究员,fanyang@plan.aau.dk E-mail: fanyang@plan.aau.dk

作者简介: 李佳硕(1986-),男,湖南岳阳人,教授,博士,主要从事能源可持续转型管理研究.1483021327@qq.com.

引用本文:

李佳硕, 孙千惠, 王文鑫, 杨帆. “上大压小”降低中国煤电的大气污染排放——基于供应链视角[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(4): 2047-2056. LI Jia-shuo, SUN Qian-hui, WANG Wen-xin, YANG Fan. The Promoting the Big and Quashing the Small Policy reduced the air pollutant emissions from China’s coal power supply chain perspective. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(4): 2047-2056.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I4/2047

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