Online measurement of isoprene at a national air background monitoring station in the Nanling Mountains,South China
ZHANG Shi-yang1, GONG Dao-cheng1, WANG Hao1, SONG Wei1, ZHANG Shen-yang1, WANG An-hou1, CHEN Duo-hong3, ZHOU Lei1, WANG Bo-guang1,2
1. Institute of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China;
2. Research Center on Low-carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
3. Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510308, China
Isoprene emissions from forest are important precursors of tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosols.To study the background concentration and variation characteristics of isoprene at a subtropical forest (Shaoguan,Nanling) in southern China,4-month online measurements of isoprene emissions and meteorological parameters were conducted in July-November 2015.The results show that the overall daily average concentration of isoprene at the forest was (0.173±0.171)×10-9,with (0.261±0.178)×10-9 in the wet season and (0.080±0.089)×10-9ppbv in the dry season.Isoprene concentration is much higher during daytime (6:00-18:00) than nighttime,with an average of 0.247±0.332ppbv and (0.071±0.129)×10-9,respectively.It began to rise steadily from 6:00,and gradually decreased after the peak at 14:00.Isoprene concentrations were positively exponential functional related to temperature,and in the wet season,the temperature had greater influence on isoprene emission.Isoprene concentrationsduring the O3 episode days[(0.257±0.128)×10-9]were much higher than during the non-O3 episode days[(0.158±0.173)×10-9],suggesting that the photochemical degradation was more active during the O3 episode days.In addition,it was found that typhoon (e.g.Dujuan) would lead to increase in isoprene emissions due to the transportation of air pollutants to the forest.
张诗炀, 龚道程, 王好, 宋伟, 张沈阳, 王安侯, 陈多宏, 周磊, 王伯光. 南岭国家大气背景站异戊二烯的在线观测研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(7): 2504-2512.
ZHANG Shi-yang, GONG Dao-cheng, WANG Hao, SONG Wei, ZHANG Shen-yang, WANG An-hou, CHEN Duo-hong, ZHOU Lei, WANG Bo-guang. Online measurement of isoprene at a national air background monitoring station in the Nanling Mountains,South China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(7): 2504-2512.
Guenther A B, Jiang X, Heald C L, et al. The model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature version 2.1(megan2.1):An extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions[J]. Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 2012,5(6):1-58.
[2]
Fuentes J D, Lerdau M, Atkinson R, et al. Biogenic hydrocarbons in the atmospheric boundary layer:A review[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2000,81(7):1537-1575.
[3]
Lelieveld J, Butler T M, Crowley J N, et al. Atmospheric oxidation capacity sustained by a tropical forest[J]. Nature, 2008,452(7188):737-740.
[4]
Wang J L, Chew C, Chang C Y, et al. Biogenic isoprene in subtropical urban settings and implications forair quality[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013,79(79):369-379.
[5]
Henninger S. Biogenic isoprene and its impact on human health in dependence on meteorological conditions[J]. Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012,03(9):1206-1212.
[6]
Atkinson R, Arey J. Gas-phase tropospheric chemistry of biogenic volatile organic compounds:A review[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2003,37(1):197-219.
[7]
Calfapietra C, Fares S, Manes F, et al. Role of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) emitted by urban trees on ozone concentration in cities:A review[J]. Environ. Pollut., 2013,183:71-80.
Claeys M, Graham B, Vas G, et al. Formation of secondary organic aerosols through photooxidation of isoprene[J]. Science, 2004,303(5661):1173-1176.
[10]
Spracklen D V, Jimenez J L, Carslaw K S, et al. Aerosol mass spectrometer constraint on the global secondary organic aerosol budget[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2011,11(23):12109-12136.
[11]
Li L Y, Xie S D. Historical variations of biogenic volatile organic compound emission inventories in china, 1981~2003[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,95:185-196.
[12]
Karl M, Dorn H P, Holland F, et al. Product study of the reaction of oh radicals with isoprene in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 2006,55(2):167-187.
Wang M, Zeng L, Lu S, et al. Development and validation of a cryogen-free automatic gas chromatograph system (gc-ms/fid) for online measurements of volatile organic compounds[J]. Analytical Methods, 2014,6(23):9424-9434.
Hofzumahaus A, Rohrer F, Lu K, et al. Amplified trace gas removal in the troposphere[J]. Science, 2009,324(5935):1702-1704.
[24]
Tuazon E C, Atkinson R. A product study of the gas-phase reaction of isoprene with the oh radical in the presence of nox. Int. J. Chem. Kinet, 22, 1221-1236[J]. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2010,22(12):1221-1236.
[25]
Apel E C, Riemer D D, Hills A, et al. Measurement and interpretation of isoprene fluxes and isoprene, methacrolein, and methyl vinyl ketone mixing ratios at the prophet site during the 1998 intensive[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 2002,107(3):ACH 7-1-ACH 7-15.
[26]
Guo H, Ling Z H, Simpson I J, et al. Observations of isoprene, methacrolein (mac) and methyl vinyl ketone (mvk) at a mountain site in hong kong[J]. Journal of Geophysical ResearchAtmospheres, 2012,117.
[27]
Borbon A, Fontaine H, Veillerot M, et al. An investigation into the traffic-related fraction of isoprene at an urban location[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2001,35(22):3749-3760.
[28]
白建辉,王明星, Graham J,等.亚热带森林非甲烷碳氢化合物的研究ⅱ.日变化[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2001,6(4):456-466.
[29]
Wu F K, Yu Y, Sun J, et al. Characteristics, source apportionment and reactivity of ambient volatile organic compounds at dinghu mountain in guangdong province, china[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,548:347-359.
[30]
Yanez-Serrano A M, Nolscher A C, Williams J, et al. Diel and seasonal changes of biogenic volatile organic compounds within and above an amazonian rainforest[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2015,15(6):3359-3378.
Hakola H, Tarvainen V, Laurila T, et al. Seasonal variation of voc concentrations above a boreal coniferous forest[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2003,37(12):1623-1634.
[35]
Cheung K, Guo H, Ou J M, et al. Diurnal profiles of isoprene, methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone at an urban site in hong kong[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014,84:323-331.
Guenther A B, Zimmerman P R, Harley P C, et al. Isoprene and monoterpene emission rate variability:Model evaluations and sensitivity analyses[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 1993,98(D7):12609-12617.
[38]
Zhang J G, Wang Y S, Wu F K, et al. Nonmethane hydrocarbon measurements at a suburban site in changsha city, china[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2009,408(2):312-317.
[39]
Millet D B, Baasandorj M, Hu L, et al. Nighttime chemistry and morning isoprene can drive urban ozone downwind of a major deciduous forest[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016,50(8):4335-4342.
[40]
Ambient air quality standard[EB/OL].http://english.mep.gov.cn/standards_reports/standards/Air_Environment/quality_standard1/200710/t20071024_111819.htm.
Loreto F, Velikova V. Isoprene produced by leaves protects the photosynthetic apparatus against ozone damage, quenches ozone products, and reduces lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes[J]. Plant Physiology, 2002,127(4):1781-1787.